Ramalina .] 
VII. LICHENES. 
565 
Throughout the Northern and middle Islands abundant. Var. pusilla, Lord 
Auckland’s group, on maritime rocks. (Cosmopolite.) 
2. R. scopulorum, Acli. Thallus pale, shining, excessively variable in 
stature and branching, terete or compressed, rigid and cartilaginous. Apo- 
thecia subpedicelled, subterminal or lateral. — Nyland. Synops. Lich. 292. 
Northern Islaud, Jollijfe. (Cosmopolite.) 
3. R. usneoides, Fries; — Bab. in FL. N. Z. ii. 270. Thallus pale, 
compressed, elongate, flaccid, linear, excessively branched, and as it were 
longitudinally nerved, often twisted. Apothecia marginal. — Nyland. Synops. 
Lich. 291. 
Northern Island, J. D. H. 
14. PLATYSMA, Hoffmann. 
Thallus rigid, shrubby or dilated, lobed or prostrate, erect or ascending, 
laciniate, rarely fistular, with a spongy axis. Apothecia marginal, with a 
thalline border, reddish-brown or dark ; spores small, simple ; paraphyses 
not separating. Spermagonia marginal, enclosed in spiculae or tubercles or 
papillae ; spermatia various. 
A considerable temperate, alpine, and Arctic genus. 
1. P. saepincola, Hoffm. — Cetraria, Ach. ; — Bab. in PI. N. Z. ii. 271. 
Thallus chesnut-brown or dark olive-brown, prostrate, f-2 in. broad ; laciniae 
prostrate or ascending, smooth or laciniate, sinuate or crenate, paler below. 
Apothecia brown, rugulose beneath ; border entire. 
Auckland, Sinclair. Specimens imperfect and doubtful. (Northern hemisphere, Fuegia.) 
Platysma glaucum and Cetraria aculeata, Fries, are enumerated by A. Richard amongs 
the Lichens brought by D’Urville from New Zealand, but I have seen no specimens, and 
Nylander does not give the islands as a habitat. They are abundant northern plants, also 
occurring in Fuegia. 
15. NEPHROMA, Ach. 
Thallus foliaceous, prostrate, dilated, upper surface shining, under soft, 
without veins. Apothecia adnate to the lower recurved margin of the thallus, 
peltate ; spores 3-septate. Spermagonia marginal. 
A small arctic and antarctic genus, rarer in the cold, temperate, and alpine regions. 
• § 1. Thallus , when cut across , showing a green stratum of separate granules. 
1. "N. australe, A. Rich. ; — Bab. in FI. N.Z. ii. 371. Thallus whitish 
or straw-coloured, 2-4 in. broad, smooth, laciniate and lobed, sinuate, reddish 
here and there ; beneath smooth, white or straw-coloured. Apothecia small, 
red-brown. — Nyland. Synops. Lich. 318. N. fallens, Nyland. Enum. Lich. 
101 . 
Northern and Middle Islands : common, D’Urville, etc. (Tasmania.) — This is pro- 
bably the N. antarcticum, Jacq., of Lindsay’s ‘ Enumeration of Otago Lichens.’ 
2. N, schizocarpum, Nyland. — N. resupinatum, var. pruinosa, Mont.; 
— Bab. in FI. N. Z. ii. 272. Thallus 2-3 in. broad, livid-brown, smooth, 
