572 
VII. LICHENES. 
[. P annelid . 
8. P. olivacea, Acli. ; — Bab. in FI. N. Z. ii. 286. Tliallus orbicular, 
olive-brown, rugged in the centre and often granulated ; margin lobed and 
crenate; lobes appressed ; beneath brown and fibrous. Apothecia brown, 
concave, with an indexed entire or crenated margin. — Nyland. Synops. Lich. 
395. — P. imitatrix, Tayl. 
Northern Island: on stones, Colenso. Middle Island : Otago, on basalt, Lindsay. 
(Almost cosmopolite.) 
/3. Thallus glabrous below , inflated at the end. 
9. P. physodes, Acli. ; — Bab. in FI. N. Z. ii. 286. Thallus orbicular, 
stellate, glaucous-white; segments sinuate, multifid, convex, glabrous, in- 
flated, often with powdery warts ; beneath brown-black. Apothecia red- 
brown ; margin thin, elevated. — Nyland. Synops. Lich. 401. P. entero- 
morpha, Ach. ; FI. Antarct. 532. 
Common throughout the Northern and Middle Islands, and in Lord Auckland’s 
group and Campbell’s Island : on bashes and trees. (Cosmopolite.) 
10. P. pertusa^ Scheerer. — P. diatrypa, Ach.; — -Bab. in FI. N. Z. ii. 286. 
Thallus substellate, greenish-grey ; segments sinuate, multifid, nearly plane, 
smooth, with powdery warts; extremities inflated, perforated. Apothecia 
red-brown ; margin indexed, entire. — Nyland. Syuop. Lich. 402. 
Northern and Middle Islands : on trunks of trees and rocks, common ; also in Lord 
Auckland’s group, J. I). H. (Cosmopolite in temperate regions.) 
y. Thallus densely tomentose below. 
11. P. angustata, Pers. — P. moniliformis , Bab. in FI. N. Z. ii. 287. t. 
127 B. Thallus suborbicular, yellowish and glaucous, covered with black 
dots, rugose and warted in age, divided almost to the centre into numerous 
branching narrow lobes, which are repeatedly forked, decumbent, constricted 
here and there ; beneath tomentose with short tufts of crisped fibres, almost 
spongy. Apothecia large, elevated, free, chesnut-brown, villous below, with 
crisped hairs ; margin entire when young, lobed aud crisped in age. — Nyland. 
Synops. 403. 
Northern Island : on wood, Colenso. (Australia, Tasmania.) 
§ 2. Physcia, Nyland. — Paraphyses separate. Spores rarely simple, usually 2-locular. 
Sterigmata many , articulate. Spermatia cylindric. 
a. Thallus yellow, slender , much branched, erect or ascending. 
12. P. flavicans, DC. — Evernia, Fries. — Bab. in FI. N. Z. ii. 269. Thal- 
lus erect, slender, excessively branched, tufted, tawny, compressed, angular, 
wavy, warted ; branches divaricating, tapering. Apothecia lateral, nearly 
sessile, flat, orange ; border pale, narrow, entire. — Pliyscia, Nyland. Synop. 
Lich. 406. Borrera, Ach. 
Northern Island, Colenso (barren) ; Nelson, Sinclair. (Cosmopolite.) 
A Thallus prostrate. 
13. P. chrysophthalma, DC.; — Bab. in FI. N. Z. ii. 287. Thallus 
small, erect or ascending, tufted, branched, bright greenish or whitish-yellow, 
alike on both sides ; branches or segments linear, multifid, fringed. Apo- 
