OEDEE OE PACHYDEEMATA. 
155 
The genera of Rhinoeerotidce differ remarkably in the conforma- 
tion of the lips. In Rhinoceroses (as limited by Dr. Gray, i. e., to 
the two One-horned species) the upper lip is prehensile, extensible, 
and pointed, while the lower lip is very broad and square ; in the 
Asiatic Ceratorhians, and in the African Rhinoster , the upper lip 
is similarly formed, and the lower lip corresponds with it, though 
without haying a pointed and prehensile tip ; and in Ceratotherium 
both lips are broad and non-prehensile. Those Rhinoceroses 
which have the upper lip prehensile are habitual browsers, while 
the flat-lipped are habitual grazers. In the African Rhinoceroses 
there are no lower incisor-beeth, and the grinders come much 
more forward, or nearer to the cleft of the mouth. They further 
agree in bearing two horns, one situated behind the other, and in 
haying no distinct folds or plaits to the hide ; though in Rhinoster 
we perceive the same crease near the hind limbs as in Cerato- 
rhians , and there is a slight appearance of folds upon the neck. 
Their skin is smooth and hairless, excepting only a fringe of 
black bristly hairs upon the ears, and a few also at the tail- tip. 
Such are the known African Rhinoceroses, which divide, never- 
theless, into two well-marked genera — Rhinoster (with prehensile 
upper lip), and Ceratotherium (with non-prehensile upper lip). 
These are respectively known to sporting travellers as the Black 
and the White African Rhinoceroses, which differ much in habits 
and disposition ; and the White one is the largest of the whole 
group, being next in size among existing land animals to the 
Elephants. 
Rhinoster. — This is the name applied by the people of Dutch 
descent in South Africa to all Rhinoceroses, though now techni- 
cally limited by Dr. Gray to one section of them ; and there are 
certainly two species of this particular section or genus, one of 
which, R. Jceitloa, is considerably larger than the other, R. bi- 
cornis, and exhibits certain other differences. In general, these two 
animals are the Keitloa (or Khetloa) and the Borele of travellers 
in the interior of South Africa ; but Mr. Chapman styles the 
first the true Borele, and calls the other the Borelengani or Kenin - 
gani. The former is the one figured and described by the late Sir 
C. Cornwallis Harris as the “ Black Rhinoceros,” and the latter 
is that of which a living example, procured in Abyssinia, was 
received in the London Zoological Gardens in 1868 . Both species, 
