568 
MAMMALIA. 
large- sized animals, ungainly in shape, and possessed of great 
vigour. These various advantages, joined to their naturally 
brutal and ferocious disposition, make them dangerous to Man, 
especially when full-grown. They have the supra- orbital arch 
largely developed, deep abajoues, and all the limbs nearly of 
the same length. Their hands are well formed, and all four 
provided with an opposable thumb. In general the coat is long 
and woolly, principally on the upper parts of the body. The 
callosities as well as their face are often tinted with the most 
brilliant colours. Their senses are highly developed ; that of 
smell is particularly delicate. 
We have already had occasion to remark that the craniums of 
the Old-World Monkeys, and consequently their moral faculties, 
are capable of becoming altered to a considerable degree as age 
advances. The Cynocephali afford us an admirable example in 
this respect. 
As they approach maturity of existence, their primitive 
qualities, their relative gentleness and intelligence, are changed 
into savageness and brutality. In all their desires they then 
evince an incredible degree of violence and impetuousness, mani- 
festing their appetites by the most revolting acts and gestures. 
At this period of their life, they are really formidable ; for their 
upper canine teeth become transformed into long sharp tusks, 
which they use with such adroitness, as to produce with them 
serious wounds. The dread they inspire in the countries they 
inhabit is such, that the natives will often permit their gardens 
to be ravaged by them, in preference to running the danger of a 
conflict. 
The Cynocephalous Monkeys almost exclusively inhabit Africa, 
a single species only being found in Asia. They live either in 
forests, or low mountainous rocky localities, and subsist on fruits 
and insects. In captivity they are almost omnivorous. 
The Cynocephali are sometimes found in innumerable bands in 
Senegal. M. Mage, in his Voyage dam la Senegambie, published 
in 1868, reports the following : — 
“We had remarked that the mountains on the left shore sloping 
down towards the river (the Senegal) were terraced at intervals. 
On reaching here we found every landing-place literally covered 
with Monkeys, in parts crowded ond against another ; and as we 
