586 
MAMMALIA. 
species, and which, their name indicates (av6pu)Tros y Man, pop^rj, 
form). Anthropomorphous signifying that which has the form of 
Man. 
These Monkeys have no tail. Their sternum is wide and 
flattened, and their anterior members are much longer than the 
posterior. Their body is consequently inclined and not vertical. 
It is only when stationary that they can erect themselves like 
Man. With regard to their dentition, they are characterised by 
the crowns of their molar teeth having small rounded tubercles. 
The tribe of Anthropomorphous Monkeys comprises four 
genera : the Gibbons, the Orangs, the Gorillas, and the Chim- 
panzees. 
Genus Gibbon . — The Gibbons are the only genus among the 
Anthropomorphous Monkeys which possess gluteal callosities. 
They are recognised by their slender limbs, their very long digits 
— especially the anterior ones, and by their thick coat. Some 
species offer the curious peculiarity of having the second and 
third toes succeeding the great toe joined to each other by a 
narrow membrane, throughout the entire length of the first 
phalanx ; one of these phalanges has, for this reason, received 
the name of syndactyla. 
These Monkeys are the least intelligent of the group we are 
now examining : the structure and volume of their brain, as well 
as their actions while in a state of captivity, put this fact beyond 
a doubt. But it would not be just to say, as some naturalists 
have done, that they are destitute of all intellectual faculties. 
The results of experience are opposed to this assertion. 
The Gibbons are generally quiet and timid. As their height 
scarcely exceeds forty inches in the largest species, and as their 
means of defence are very limited, they are able to offer but little 
resistance. In order to pass from one tree to another, when 
the distance is great, having obtained a certain height, they 
seize the extremity of a flexible branch, swing with it three or 
four times to obtain impetus, and then, by an energetic muscular 
movement, shoot themselves forward to another branch, sometimes 
clearing a space of thirteen or fourteen yards. 
The Gibbons live in numerous troops or families in the great, 
forests of Cochin-China, the kingdom of Siam, and the islands 
of Sunda, Java, Sumatra, and Borneo. They are omnivorous, 
