ORDER OF QUADRUMANA. 
601 
markedly distinguishes this Monkey from Man. The lower limbs, 
besides, have no calves ; the hands are massive and thick, and 
the fingers short and stumpy. The back of the hands is hairy ; 
the finger-nails are black, thick, and strong. The foot is pro- 
portioned like the hand of a giant. This foot is well adapted for 
maintaining the body in a vertical position. 
The habitat of the Gorilla is that part of Western Africa which 
extends some degrees to the south of the equator, and is traversed 
by rivers. The natives give it the name of INgina. 
The Gorilla has been the subject of lively discussions among 
anatomists and anthropologists. Isidore Geoffroy Saint- Hilaire 
has created for the Gorilla a separate genera to distinguish it from 
the Chimpanzee — a Monkey which, according to him, bears more 
resemblance to Man than the Gorilla. Such is also the opinion of 
Mr. Wymann. 
Professor Owen, on the contrary, has claimed for the Gorilla 
the honour of being placed next the human species, and M. du 
Chaillu shares his opinion. 
“It must be acknowledged,” says this traveller, “that at 
first sight, the Gorilla offers in every one of its traits something 
more bestial than the Chimpanzee or the Orang. All the cha- 
racters of the Gorilla, particularly of the male, are pushed to 
exaggeration : the head is longer and narrower, the brain is 
behind, the cranial ridges are enormous, the jaws are very pro- 
minent and possess prodigious strength, and the canine teeth are 
very thick. The brain cavity is marked by the immense develop- 
ment of the occipital crests ; but the other parts of the Gorilla’s 
skeleton resemble that of Man more than any other Monkey. 
After carefully studying the zoological characters that I have just 
noticed, after having observed the kind of life led by the Gorilla 
and its mode of progression, I am convinced that in all its 
movements it more nearly approaches the human species than any 
of its congeners.” 
We hasten to say, nevertheless, that the opinion of Professor 
Owen, who compares the ferocious animal of the Gaboon with Man, 
cannot be admitted. An attentive study of the cranium of this 
quadrumanous creature has led to its being placed far behind Man 
in an intellectual point of view, and to rank, on the contrary, 
among the Monkeys lowest in the organic scale. 
