GENUS 35. LOXIA.* GROSBEAK. 
SPECIES 1. L. CARDINALIS. 
CARDINAL GROSBEAK. 
[Plate XI. — Figs. 1 and 2.] 
Linn. Syst. i, p. 300, A*o. 5. — Le Gros-bec de Vii'ginie, Bmss. 
Orn. in, p. 255, JV’o. 17. — Buff, ni, ji. 458, pL 28. PI. Enl. 
37. — Lath. Syn. ii, p. 118, JVo. 13. — Cardinal, Brown’s .lam. 
p. 647. — Peale’s Museum, JVb. 5668,t 
This is one of our most common cage birds; and is very ge- 
nerally known, not only in North America, but even in Europe; 
numbers of them having been carried over both to France and 
England, in which last country they are usually called Virginia 
Nightingales. To this name. Dr. Latham observes, “ they are 
fully entitled,” from the clearness and variety of their notes, 
which, both in a wild and domestic state, are very various and 
musical; many of them resemble the high notes of a fife, and 
are nearly as loud. They are in song from March to September, 
beginning at the first appearance of dawn, and repeating a fa- 
vourite stanza, or passage, twenty or thirty times successively; 
sometimes with little intermission for a whole morning together; 
which, like a good story too often repeated, becomes at length 
tiresome and insipid. But the sprightly figure, and gaudy plu- 
mage of the Red-bird, his vivacity, strength of voice, and actual 
* Tills genus, as constituted by Brisson and at present adopted, does not in- 
clude the four species described under it by Wilson. The three first have 
been refered to the genus Fringilla, and tlie fourtli, according to Temminck 
belongs to the genus Pyrrhula of Brisson. 
■[ We add the following synonymes: — Loxia cardinalis, Gmei. Syst- 1 , p. 847. 
Cardinal Grosbeak, .Sret. Zool. J^o. 210. Catesb. Car. i, I. p. 38. 
VOL. II. — T 
