MOLECULAR CONSTITUTION OF THE VOLATILE ORGANIC BASES. 
103 
the hydrochlorate is an oil, and volatile, while melaniline, produced in the correspond- 
ing reaction of chloride of cyanogen with aniline, is solid and non-volatile. 
Bisulphide of carbon gives rise to a gradual evolution of hydrosulphuric acid, no 
crystals being deposited from the mixture. 
Phosgene gas acts powerfully on ethylaniline, a liquid compound being formed 
together with hydrochlorate of ethylaniline. No analysis having as yet been per- 
formed of these compounds, I refrain from entering into any farther details. 
Action of Bromide of Ethyl upon Ethylaniline. 
The phenomena attending the action of bromide of ethyl upon ethylaniline resem- 
ble those which are observed in the corresponding treatment of aniline. The reaction 
however is less powerful, another equivalent of hydrogen in aniline being less easily 
eliminated or replaced. Four or five days elapse before the separation of crystals 
commences at the common temperatures. The formation however is considerably 
accelerated on application of heat. 
The experience obtained in the preparation of ethylaniline suggested at once the 
use of a very larg$ excess of bromide of ethyl, by which the formation of one com- 
pound only was secured. The mixture assumed a light-yellow colour, turned gradu- 
ally brown, and deposited after five days four-sided tables of considerable size and 
remarkable beauty. The mother-liquor was coloured bromide of ethyl, leaving, when 
distilled off, a small quantity of the same crystalline compound. 
The substance in question was, as a subsequent analysis will prove, the pure hydro- 
bromate of a new base, which is represented by the formula — 
p rj N— r ( 
^^20 ^15 jq ' 
•' 12 ' 
r 1 
rci2 H5] 
11 
C4 H, 
IC4 Hj 
.C4 H5^ 
i. e. of ethylaniline in which 1 equiv. of hydrogen is replaced by ethyl, or aniline in 
which 2 equivs. of the same radical are substituted for a corresponding number of 
hydrogen-equivalents, or lastly ammonia, in which the three equivalents of hydrogen 
are replaced, the one by phenyl, the two others each by ethyl. 
The formation of this new substance, for which I propose the name diethylaniline 
or diethylophenylamine, requires no farther illustration : it is absolutely analogous 
to the production of ethylaniline. 
Diethylani line ( Diethylophenyla7nine ) . 
The preparation of this compound in a state of purity resembles that of the preceding 
base, whose physical properties have been only slightly modified by the introduction 
of the second equivalent of ethyl. The specific gravity was found to be 0‘939 at 18°, 
showing a slight decrease when compared with that of ethylaniline (0*954). The 
boiling-point, however, was raised nearly 10 degrees; diethylaniline boils quite con- 
stantly at 213°*5. Diethylaniline is moreover distinguished from ethylaniline by re- 
