162 
MR. MARSHALL ON THE DEVELOPMENT 
In three instances, no access has been had to the original descriptions (Nos. 13, 
14, 20)*. 
The three remaining cases, though usually regarded as instances of superadded 
left superior cava, are somewhat doubtful examples of this variety (Nos. 0, 6, 15)'|'. 
Further, the condition of the azygos veins is accurately known in only four cases 
(Nos. 2, 4, 29, 30). 
In every instance, the course and connections of the left vena cava superior, so far 
as can be ascertained from the descriptions, correspond entirely. Reserving for the 
present the six cases in which the absence of the cross branch seems to be certain, 
I may here describe, as a characteristic example of double vena cava superior, ac- 
companied with the cross branch, the specimen met with by myself. 
The subject of this case (No. 30), a male aged fifty-six years, had not suffered from 
any disease of the heart. That organ is rather large: the right vena cava supe- 
rior (Plate VI. h) is smaller than usual, and pursues its accustomed course to the 
ration of the auricles. Had the interauricular septum been formed, the left vein, which is now described as 
opening into the left auricle, would probably have had its orifice directed into the right auricle. Similar in- 
stances are recorded by Weese and Breschet, Nos. 16 and 23, 24. 
No. 7. Niemeyee (De fcetu puellari edito abnormitatis exemplo. Halae, 1814, cum fig.). The left cava 
superior is said to have descended to join the inferior cava, reminding one of Cheselden’s description. 
No. 8 to 11. Meckel (Tabul. Anat. Path. 1820, tab. x. figs. 6, 7); two other cases (Hand, der Anat. 
Path. 1816, vol. ii. p. 125) ; and one (Archiv. f. d. Physiolog. vol. iv. p. 479, 480). 
No. 12. Beclard (Bull, de la Soc. de Med. 1816, vol. v. p. 115). 
No. 16. Weese (De Ectopia cordis, 1818, sect. 19). The same case is in Walter's Museum Anat. P. i. 
p. 135, No. 826 ; and had been partially described by Buettner. 
No. 21 to 24. Breschet (Le Systeme Veineux, 1827, p. 2, note 1). One example was in an adult male. 
Was this Beclard’s specimen ? The other examples are in malformed foetuses (Mem. sur I’Ectopie, &c. ; and 
Repertoire d’Anat. et Phys., &c. t. ii. p. 12 and p. 17). 
No. 25 to 27. Otto (Beobachtung. ii. p. 69, and Verzeichniss, No. 2874). (Lehrbuch, &c., p. 344.) One 
example in an otherwise perfect subject. The two others in foetuses malformed. 
No. 28. Houston’s Catalogue of the Museum of the College of Surgeons, Dublin (vol. i. p. 58, B. b. 92). 
No. 31. The Author. This heart, which is described at page 164, was presented to me by Dr. R. Daw- 
son Harling. 
* These cases are referred to in Otto’s Lehrbuch der Pathol. Anat. 1830, vol. i. p. 347, note 13, as follows : — 
No. 13. Bock in Cerutti’s Pathol. Anat. Museum, B. i. H. 3. p. 50. 
14. Hesselbach, Beschreibung der Pathol. Praparate zu Wiirtsburg, p. 229. 
20. Wehede, Diss. Anat. Path, de Monstro rariore humano. Halae, 1826, p. 11. 
t No. 0. Bartholine, Th. (Histor. Anatom. Montpelier, 1641, Hist. 84. Cent. ii. p. 322). This is quoted 
as an undoubted example by Otto {op. cit. p. 347, note 13), but the statement of Bartholine is not clear. 
He says, “ that illustrious anatomist A. Falcoburgh once showed me in a human dissection, an additional 
vein near the vena cava, similar to it, and which he considered a second cava.” 
No. 6. Lemaire (Bull, des Scien. Med. vol. v. 1808, p. 21). This (as already stated, p. 158) is described 
by Lemaire as an instance of the coronary vein ending in an unusual left pulmonary vein ; but on careful 
perusal of the description, it appears more probable that the vein supposed to be pulmonary was really a left 
vena cava superior. There was a greater chance of error in this case, owing to there having been extensive 
adhesions of the pericardium. 
No. 15. Weese {op. cit. sect. 45). 
