328 
LIEUT.-COLONEL SYKES’S DISCUSSION OF METEOROLOGICAL 
great heats of April and May ; but such, nevertheless, would not appear to be the case, 
at least in the absence of night observations. It will be remarked also, that the re- 
turn of the sun over Bombay in July does not prevent a reduction of three degrees in 
mean temperature; this however might be attributed to the rains commencing; but 
in its passage over Madras in August the continued mean monthly fall of the thermo- 
meter is not interrupted, although it will be recollected there is not any monsoon at 
Madras in August to correct the effect of the sun’s passage. The slanting rays of the 
sun, within certain angles of incidence without the tropics, produce a heat of great 
intensity, even where the physical characters of the country do not lead us to expect 
such a result; for instance, on the banks of the broad Indus in Scinde the thermo- 
meter is known to rise in the shade to 110° — 120° Fahr. Recently, at Peshawur, 
the following is the record of the thermometer in a house from the 7th to the 14th of 
May 1849; — 
Sunrise. 
8 A.M. 
Noon. 
4 P.M. 
9 P.M. 
Latitude N. 
o 
O 
O 
O 
o / 
Highest 
75 
89 
102 
104 
86 
33 59 
Lowest 
67 
84 
96 
98 
78 
On the 16th of June, at 4 p.m., thermometer 109°; on the 25th of July, 109°; 
August 3rd, 4th and 13th, 104°; the extremes being 67° and 104°, the mean 87°, and 
the range 37°. A register for the whole month, by Dr. J. Malcolmson, gives the 
following facts ; the maximum being 109° on the 6th in a tent, and 106° on the 24th 
and 31st in a house. 
Register of the Thermometer at Peshawur for May 1849. 
Fahrenheit Thermometer. In the shade in a house in 
the city. 
Date. 
Sunrise. 
Noon. 
4 P.M. ^ 
Date. 
Sunrise. 
Noon. 
4 P.M. 
O 
O 
O 
O 
1 
63 
79 
6§ 
17 
70 
98 
104 
2 
65 
73 
66 
18 
73 
99 
100 
3 
64 
87 
91 
19 
81 
97 
103 
4 
63 
75 
83 
20 
80 
102 
105 
5 
61 
96 
91 
21 
83 
99 
105 
6 
64 
102 
109 
22 
91 
102 
105 
7 
90 
100 
104 
23 
85 
100 
104 
8 
67 
108 
99 
24 
88 
98 
106 
9 
70 
107 
101 
25 
82 
99 
105 
10 
70 
104 
100 
26 
85 
99 
104 
11 
65 
102 
95 
27 
84 
99 
104 
12 
70 
106 
106 
28 
84 
97 
103 
13 
70 
107 
104 
29 
85 
99 
104 
14 
71 
100 
101 
30 
84 
99 
105 
13 
90 
106 
98 
31 
88 
102 
106 
16 
70 
104 
105 
Note by Dr. J. Malcolmson. — The register was kept in a house, and that may account for the maximum 
being no higher than 109°. 
Heavy rain, with thunder, lightning and hail, for the first four days in the month. Winds generally 
westerly, and south-west. Severe dust-storms occasionally. 
