330 LIEUT.-COLONEL SYKES’S DISCUSSION OF METEOROLOGICAL 
Curves of T'emperature at High Levels. 
Proceeding from the sea-level to considerable altitudes, we find that the mean 
temperature at Poona, in 1830, at 1823 feet above the sea-level, was 80°'28, differing 
only six-tenths from the mean temperature of Bombay for 1844, and less than one 
degree of Fahr. from the mean temperature of 1843 at Bombay. A difference of 
level of 1823 feet therefore gave a difference of less than one degree of temperature. 
The comparison of the temperatures of the three stations of Mahabuleshwur, Mer- 
cara in Coorg, and Uttray Mullay in Travancore, all at the height of 4500 feet above 
the sea-level, and differing little in longitude, but several degrees in latitude, affords 
some interesting facts. The latitude of Uttray Mallay is about 8° 00' N., long. 76° 00' E., 
Mercara, lat. 12° 30', long. 73° 30', Mahabuleshwur, lat. 17° 58', long. 73° 29'. The mean 
temperature of Uttray Mullay, situated nearest to the equator, is lower by 3°-35 than 
the mean temperature of Mercara, and 2°-G6 lower than that of Mahabuleshwur, while 
the mean temperatures of Mercara and Mahabuleshwur are almost identical. The 
maximum heat of Mahabuleshwur, in both years recorded, is in April, while the mean 
of three years at Mercara fixes it in March. At Uttray Mullay the maximum heat, in 
1845, was in April, while in 1846 it was in March. At 4140 feet above these levels, 
namely, at Dodabetta, the maximum heat was, in May, as in Bombay and Calcutta. 
The minimum heat, at the height of 4500 feet, was in December, at Mahabuleshwur 
and Mercara in all the years. At Uttray Mullay, in 1845, the minimum mean monthly 
heat was in June, the only instance of the kind in all the observations discussed in this 
paper ; and in this same year January and October had the same mean temperature. In 
the next year the minimum heat was in January. At Dodabetta, at 8640 feet, in 1847, 
the minimum temperature was in December, but, with the exceptions of April and 
May, the mean monthly range was so small that most of the months were nearly the 
same in their mean heat. Mahabuleshwur and Mercara being within the S.W. mon- 
soon, while Uttray Mullay and Dodabetta are subject to both S.W. and N.E. mon- 
soons, the annual curves of temperature might be expected to vary considerably. At 
Mahabuleshwur and Mercara there is a gradual decrement of heat from the maximum 
point until the month of October, when the mean monthly temperature rises at both 
places, but falls after that month to the minimum of the year. The same thing occurs 
in Bombay and Poona, but there is no rise in October at Madras nor at Calcutta in 
1846 or 1847; and in 1845 and 1848, when the gradual decrement of heat was in- 
terrupted, it occurred in September instead of October, as at the other places within 
the influence of the same monsoon. At Uttray Mullay and Dodabetta, within the 
influence of both monsoons, we find the annual curve of temperature interrupted 
in the first place in March, then in July, October and November in 1845, and in July, 
August and September in 1846. At Dodabetta the increase is quite gradual from De- 
cember to May ; but the natural decrement is interrupted in July, and the tempera- 
ture rises in August, sinks in September, rises in October, and then falls to the mini- 
mum of the year. From these facts, it appears that the two monsoons derange the 
