134 
MR. HORNER ON THE ALLUVIAL LAND OF EGYPT. 
Sped- 
North end. 
Speci- 
South end. 
men. 
Feet. 1 
Inches. 
1 
men. 
Feet. 
Inches. 
1. 
5 
11 
1 
Surface layer. A mixture of Nile 
mud, a blackish brown earthy se- 
diment, with angular and rounded 
fragments of limestone*, bricks 
and pottery, and angular fragments 
of the sandstone of Gebel Achmar.i 
In the inferior part of the layer 
were found fragments of a. marrow- 
bone of a herbivorous animal. 
It isundistinguishablefrom layer 
No. 1. of the south end. 
1. 
3 
7X 
Surface layer. The same in all re- 
spects as layer No. 1. of north end. 
There was found in it a broken 
shell of Murex trunculus, a living 
Mediterranean species ; remark- 
able in being found so far from 
the sea, but it may have been car- 
ried by a bird. The freshwater 
shell Paludina impura or tentacu- 
lata was also found -f. 
2. 
3 
0 
The same as No. 2. in the north end. 
Containing also the same Palu- 
dina as in the layer above, but 
altered in the substance of the 
shell by having been long buried 
in the ground. 
2. 
2 
0 
A light brown, sandy, calcareous 
earth, very similar in appearance 
and characters to layer No. 2. in 
Excavation B, except in being 
somewhat darker in colour. It 
contains angular fragments of lime- 
stone. 
It is identical with layer No. 2. 
of the south end. 
3. 
0 
7 
Very similar to No. 2, and identical 
with Nos. 3. and 4. of the north 
end, except in being more sandy. 
3. 
1 
5 
A light brown, sandy earth, similar 
to the preceding layer, but more 
like layer No. 2. in Excavation B. 
It contains fragments of bricks and 
pottery. 
It is identical with the layer 
No. 3. of the south end. 
4. 
0 
4 
Identical with No. 2. of this south 
end, with many fragments of lime- 
stone, bricks and pottery. 
5. 
0 
9 
Undistinguishable from the pre- 
ceding, except fewer fragments. 
In this layer was found a portion 
of the pectoral fin of a fish. 
4. 
Q 
5 
A light brown, sandy earth, very 
similar to layer No. 3. in Excava- 
tion B, except in being lighter in 
colour. It contains fragments of 
coarse pottery. 
It is identical with layers No. 3. 
and 6. of the south end. 
6. 
0 
• 2 
Undistinguishable from Nos. 4. and 
5. of this south end, except in 
being more sandy. 
7. 
0 
6 
Quartzose sand, with small concre- 
tions of Nile mud, and rounded 
fragments of opake quartz and 
portions of brick. 
12 
9 
Level of the filtration water. 
5. 
1 
6 
Identical with the preceding, and 
containing fragments of chert, 
limestone and pottery. 
8. 
1 
8 
Identical in all respects with layer 
No. 3. of this south end, and with 
layer No. 5. of north end. 
9. 
2 
7 
Identical with the preceding and with 
layer No. 5. of the north end. 
Contains fragments of pottery. 
13 
10 
Level of the filtration water. 
10. 
1 
6 
Identical with the above layers 8. 
and 9, and with No. 5. of the 
north end. 
Here we have 14 feet 3 inches of Nile mud in the north part of the trench, and 
15 feet 4 inches in the south end, with an interposed layer of sand of 6 inches. 
* All the limestone fragments are the nummulite limestone of the neighbouring hills. 
f On examining this shell, Sir C. Ltell observed, that it is rather a large variety and differs from the 
English ones in a slight degree, coming most nearly to the variety of the same species found in the Norwich 
Crag ; that this is interesting, as the Cyrena consohrina, a species now recent in Egypt, is found fossil in the 
Norwich Crag. 
