MR. HORNER ON THE ALLUVIAL LAND OF EGYPT. 
135 
Excavation D. — 270 yards south by east of the obelish. 
Ten men were set to work at this spot, to deepen an excavation which was made 
some time before, when a gateway of the time of Tuthmosis III. was discovered. A 
vertical section of the soils passed through exhibits the following varieties : — 
Speci- 
men. 
Feet. 
Inches. 
1. 
5 
6 
The surface layer. It is Nile mud, very closely resembling the sample No. V., and 
the standard specimen B, as well as layer No. 2. of Excavation C, north end, and 
layer No. 5. of Excavation C, south end. It is the substance of the crude bricks 
used in building. 
2. 
6 
11 
Similar to the preceding, but more sandy'. It contains fragments of brick and 
pottery. It closely resembles layer No. 3. in Excavation C, south end. Near the 
surface of this layer were found, the lower end of the right humerus of a ruminant 
of the size of a sheep, part of the upper jaw of a dog, and the lower jaw of a dog 
with some loose teeth and the fang of a dog’s tooth. 
3. 
2 
10 
Quartzose sand, very similar to layer No. 7- in the Excavation C, south end. 
15 
3 
Level of the filtration water. 
4. 
The same quartzose sand as No. 3. 
Excavation E. — 100 yards north-east of the obelisk. 
This pit was sunk in a mound. A vertical section of the soils sunk through 
exhibits the following varieties : — 
Speci- 
men. 
Feet. 
Inches. 
1 . 
3 
2 
A brown sandy earth with fragments of limestone. It is identical with the layer 
No. 2. in Excavation D. 
2. 
9 
4 
A brown sandy earth, not distinguishable from the layer No. 1. in Excavation D. 
3. 
1 
* 2 
Quartzose sand, scarcely distinguishable from the layer No. 7- in the Excavation C, 
south end. 
4. 
3 
7 
A brown sandy earth, scarcely distinguishable from the layer No. 1. of Excavation D. 
17 
8^ 
Level of the filtration water. 
5. 
... 
Identical with that immediately above. It was taken from the depth of a foot under 
the surface of the water. 
Excavation F.^ — 365 yards from Excavation E, and about 383 yards north-east 
of the obelisk. 
This excavation was made near an opening in a chain of mounds running N. and 
S., and parallel to that in which the Excavation E. was made. The opening answers 
to the entrance of an avenue leading towards the obelisk (the temple) from the east. 
The space between this chain of mounds and the present line of the desert is called 
