152 
DR. HOOKER AND MR. BINNEY ON TRIGONOCARPONS 
surface of A ; figs. 4 and 5 are of thin slices taken off fig. 2 ; and finally, figs. 1 1 to 
17 represent highly magnified figures of the minute anatomy of the organs repre- 
sented above, but taken from a large selection of specimens, some of which are repre- 
sented at figs. 6 to 10. 
The outermost integument (Plate IV. fig.lu) is entirely cellular ; it encloses the whole 
seed, except at the perforated apex ; it presents neither cuticle nor epidermis, having 
apparently undergone partial decomposition ; and in many specimens its tissue is 
entirely confounded with that of the surrounding vegetable remains, so that its limits 
cannot be defined. At fig. \2b it is seen almost in contact with a fragment of Ana- 
hatJira (fig. 12a). This integument is composed of large utricles, that appear hexa- 
gonal when cut across {h of figs. 11 to 14); the individual cells do not retain any 
traces of having been nucleated, nor do they present any markings on their walls; 
they become smaller and closer in approaching the next integument, into which this 
outer one seems to pass insensibly, without any interruption of continuity. 
The second integument (Plate IV. fig. 16) consists of a much denser tissue than the 
former, and forms the body of the fruit ; it is frequently preserved in a fossil state, 
but more often the cast of its cavity alone remains : it varies from one line to a quar- 
ter of an inch in thickness, and at the rounder end of the fruit it presents an annular 
ridge, surrounding a cuspidate point. This ridge, it may be assumed, surrounds 
the base of the seed ; on a vertical section it presents the appearance of shoulders 
on each side (Plate IV. fig. 7 & 9^), the intervening space being probably the surface 
of attachment. At the opposite or narrow end of the fruit these integuments are pro- 
longed as a conical cylindrical or trigonous beak, traversed by a narrow canal lead- 
ing to the cavity of the second coat. The termination of this beak is always decom- 
posed, but its base appears in some cases to be surrounded by an annular ridge, seen 
in a longitudinal section at Plate IV. figs. 5, 9 & 106 : it is remarkable, however, that 
though this ridge is evident on the slice fig. 5, which was taken from specimen fig. I 
at a considerable distance from the axis of the fruit, no traces of it are seen at figs. 1, 
2 & 4, which are from nearer the axis of the same specimen. 
The structure of this part of the fruit is curious ; it appears to consist of paren- 
chyma, the cells of which radiate upwards and outwards from the inner walls of the 
integument: the outer layer of cells (figs. 13 & 14c) is much transversely elon- 
gated ; in passing inwards they become shorter, irregular, tortuous and confused 
(fig. 13f/) ; towards the inner wall (figs. 13 & 15e) they are very small and short, and 
suddenly become longer (figs. 13 & 15/); they form a lining of long slender tubes to 
the whole cavity of the fruit. Amongst these last-mentioned cells some may be 
found marked with annular or spiral bands. All the cellular tissue of this integu- 
ment is almost filled with dark golden-brown or blackish contents, and it is the 
presence of these contents that defines this integument from that surrounding it. 
The real nature of these cell-contents can only be conjectured; they may be the 
coloured inner walls of the cells, or a deposit of chlorophyle or resin in a peculiar 
