512 
PROFESSOR TIEDEMANN ON THE BRAIN OF THE NEGRO. 
Sierra Leone: “The sloping contracted forehead, small eyes, depressed nose, thick 
lips, and projecting jaws, with which the African is usually caricatured, are by no 
means constant traits ; on the contrary, every gradation of countenance may be met 
with, from the disgusting picture too commonly drawn of them, to the finest set of 
European features.” 
Tuckey * says the same of the Jalaffs or Oualafs ; Meredith-^ of the Fantees ; 
Adams | and Bowd[ch§ of the Ashantees, the Dahoineys, and the Negroes of the 
banks of the river Chamba : they have good features, neither broad nor flat noses, 
nor thick lips. The Mandingos on the banks of the rivers Gambia, Joliba, the 
higher Senegal, and Niger, as also the Foulahs or Fullahs, and Fellatahs in the interior 
of Africa, in Bondu, Timboctoo, Housan, Sudan, Bornoo and Kaschna, vary but little, 
according to Mungo Park||, Denham, and Clapperton^[, excepting in colour, from 
the Europeans. Their skin is not so black as that of the Negroes on the coast of 
Guinea, and their black hair is not so woolly, but long, soft, and silky. They have 
neither broad flat noses, thick lips, nor prominent cheekbones ; sloping contracted 
forehead, nor a skull compressed from both sides, which most naturalists consider as 
the universal characteristics of a Negro. Most of them have well-formed skulls, long 
faces, handsome, even Roman or aquiline noses, thin lips, and agreeable features. 
The Negresses of these nations are as finely formed as the men, and are, with the 
exception of their colour, as handsome as European women. 
Somerville, Barrow**, Lichtenstein'|~'|~, and Burchell^, have shown that the 
Caffres and Bachapins, or Betchuanas, have the same form of skull, and the same 
high forehead and prominent nose as Europeans. 
Credible travellers and accurate observers confirm also what the celebrated Blu- 
menbach§§ said thirty years back, “that the exterior of Negroes gradually ap- 
proaches to that of other races, and acquires by degrees their fine features.” 
Spinal Cord and Medulla Oblongata of the Negro. 
The form and structure of the well preserved spinal cord of the Negro IIonore' 
accord in every way with that of the European. It is divided anteriorly and pos- 
* Narrative of tlie Expedition to explore the River Zaire. London, 1818. 
t An Account of the Gold Coast of Africa. London, 1812. 
1 Remarks on the Country extending from the Cape Palma to the River Congo. London, 1823. 
§ Mission from Cape Coast Castle to Ashantee, with a Statistical Account of that Kingdom, and Geographi- 
cal Notices of other parts of the Interior of Africa. London, 1819. 
|| Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa. London, 1799. 
Travels in Interior Parts of Africa. London, 1820. Clapperton’s Second Travels in the Interior of 
Africa, from Badagry to Soccatu. London, 1829. 
** Southern Africa, vol. i. ch. 3. 
tf Travels, ch. 18. 
Travels in the Interior Districts of South Africa. London, 1820. 
§§ Beytriige zur Naturgeschichte. Th. 1. S. 73. Goettingen, 1806. Decas Craniorum, ii. p. 13. “Specimina 
