AND GEOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF CERTAIN HOT SPRINGS. 
599 
purposes. This is the real point of emergence ; but here we find that difficulty which 
sometimes besets us, where a rare accident enables us to arrive at the actual source. 
It rises in so many points that it is impossible to say which is the principal source ; 
and these vary in temperature about 2° according to my observation. The tempera- 
ture given helow was obtained at the hottest part I could arrive at ; but this was a 
matter of some difficulty. Much gas was disengaged. It is copious. 
7 . The Source de VEtuve takes its rise at the corner of the Hospital at F : part of 
it is used as a vapour-bath, and the remainder (which is copious) flows directly to the 
point E, and is discharged into the basin. It was there that I took its temperature. 
A trifling spring flows into the same basin at G. 
II. The Bains de Breil are attached to the Hotel Sicre, a little to the south-east of 
the market-place. The number of the springs is surprising. They are chiefly ob- 
tained by making excavations in the soil of the garden, and building reservoirs, into 
which the water flows ; but as they can only be reached in these reservoirs, thermo- 
metric observations are of little avail. 
III. Bains de Couloubret, at the promenade to the north of the preceding ones. 
The springs are numerous, but they are all cased in masonry. 
IV. Bains de Tech. — These very copious and hot springs are most provokingSy 
situated. They rise in caverns apparently natural, in concreted alluvial soil. Their 
level is maintained by artificial walls. The access is so inconvenient, that it was im- 
possible, at the time that I was there, to obtain a good thermometric observation of 
these springs, the scalding temperature preventing the possibility of wading into the 
caverns, which otherwise might have been practicable. After all, it is nearly certain 
that the heat must vary in every part, since the springs actually rise from the alluvial 
soil at innumerable points, and with a copious disengagement of gas. 
C. Temperature of the Springs. — Elevation of Ax, according to Parrot, 2454 feet. 
It is stated explicitly by M. Monicault, in his Statistique du Departement de FAr- 
riege, that the temperature and the volume of those springs of Ax whose temperature 
is above 35° cent, are invariable in all seasons, whilst the others vary a little ; the 
volume increasing about one twelfth in the month of May, and being again reduced 
in June *. This information is valuable. I have already stated that I conceive the 
Source des Canons to be one of the most valuable in the inquiry we are engaged in, 
to be found in the Pyrenees. The following observations were made on the 25th and 
26th of August 1835: 
Spring. 
Troughton. 
Reduced 
Source des Canons (both spouts exactly the same) . 
Fontaine des Rossignols, hottest part (varies 2 ° from 
167-8 
168-0 
one part to another) . 
161-0 
161-2 
Source de l’Etuve 
150-8 
151-0 
* See also Alibert, Sur les Eaux Minerales, p. 427, who quotes Dr. Boin as his authority. 
