GRANITES. 
19 
Granites of Scotland. — Steps at Entrance. Pilasters Eos. 7 , 
146, 197. Pedestals , Columns, &c., Eos. 2, 4, 127, 133, 160/ 
172, 174, 182, 190, and 196. Cubes in Table Case III. 
and Wall Cases VII. and VIII. 
Granitic rocks are extensively developed in Scotland, especially 
in the Central Highlands, where they form some of the highest 
mountains of the Grampian range ; but for industrial purposes 
those only are important which are so situated as to be readily 
accessible and advantageously worked. The quarries in Aber- 
deenshire, which are among the oldest and most important in 
the country, are in two separate granitic areas — one in the 
district of Aberdeen, and the other farther to the north, in the 
district of Peterhead. 
The granite of Aberdeen, especially that from the quarries of 
Rubislaw, Dancing- Cairns and Tyrebagger, is much used in the 
metropolis for kerb and paving stones. The Kemnay quarries, 
about 17 miles N.W. of Aberdeen, yield a rather coarse greyish 
granite, which has been employed in the construction of docks 
at many northern ports, as also in the piers of the Forth Bridge. 
The usual colour of Aberdeen granite is grey, but some red and 
pink granite is also quarried locally, as at Correnie Hill, where 
a handsome salmon-coloured rock is worked (No. 182). Around 
Peterhead, the red granite prevails ; hence it is usually distin- 
guished as Peterhead granite. The principal quarries are those 
of Stirling Hill, Longhaven, and Cairngall. The Sheerness Docks 
were built mostly with stone from these quarries. The Stirling 
Hill quarries, at Boddam, furnished the pillar of the Duke of 
York’s monument, and the Seafield quarries the abacus. The 
beautiful pillars in the library of the British Museum were 
obtained from Longhaven ; the cost for transport at the time 
they were worked being enormous. The pillars in the Fish- 
mongers’ Hall are from the Stirling Hill quarries, as are also the 
bases of the monuments of Pitt and Fox ; while the polished 
pillars of the Carlton Club house are from the quarries near 
Peterhead. The Cairngall grey granite forms the basins of 
the fountains in Trafalgar Square ; and it was also used for the 
Prince Consort’s sarcophagus. 
The fine pink and red granites of the Isle of Mull have been 
largely worked, and were employed in the erection of the Albert 
Memorial in Hyde Park. Mull granite was also used in 
Westminster and EUackfriars Bridges, and in the Holborn 
Viaduct. 
Several masses of granite are exposed as protrusions among 
the slaty rocks of the Southern Uplands of Scotland. The 
grey granite of Dalbeattie, in Kirkcudbrightshire, has been 
largely employed as a building material in Manchester, Liver- 
pool, and other towns, and for the construction of docks at 
Liverpool, Birkenhead, and Swansea. 
Specimens of Scotch granites are exhibited from the following 
localities : — Peterhead, Aberdeen, and Corrennie Hill, Aberdeen- 
