15 
From locality 14 south along Cascade river to the most southern gulch 
entering the river north of Minnewanka lake, there are very few exposures, 
but as the course of the river here is south 14 degrees east, higher and higher 
beds are passed over until at a point only slightly south of the rock ridge 
forming the angle between this gulch and Cascade river, its course gradually 
bends south 30 degrees east. Here occur the highest beds exposed east of 
Cascade river between Stewart canyon and the mouth of lake Minnewanka 
and here was begun section 2. 
Section 2 
Section 2 begins at the eastern edge of Cascade river, south of the 
bluff formed by the southern side of the most southerly gulch, north of 
the lake, entering the river from the east. The section continues east- 
northeast along the north shore of lake Minnewanka, that is, along the 
southwestern end of Palliser range, including the southern edges of mount 
Astley, the Castle, and mount Standly. This section corresponds to a 
similar projecting cliff upon the south side of the lake which is locally called 
Gibraltar (location C on Figure 1), but is apparently what McConnell called 
Tower mountain. 1 
The section, beginning in the higher beds and continuing into the lower 
ones, gives in succession excellent exposures of the Bundle limestone, the 
Banff shale, the upper part and much of the lower part of the Minnewanka 
formation. 
Rundle Limestone ( Pennsylvanian and Mississippian ) 
Lower Pennsylvanian 
(X) A dark grey, fine-grained limestone, exposed at the edge of the river 20 feet 
(2) Black calcareous shale. The upper bed is conspicuously seamed with 
white calcite veins 18 feet 
These beds are in places very fossiliferous. A good place to collect fossils 
is along the eastern bank of the river where the shales are well weathered. 
(3) A medium to fine-grained, dark grey limestone, alternating with black 
calcareous shales 38 feet 
(4) A very dark shaly limestone 20 feet 
In places very fossiliferous, being especially rich in crinoid joints, bryozoa, 
brachiopods, and cup corals. 
(5) Largely concealed; where exposed the rock is a fine-grained, dark grey 
limestone 80 feet 
(6) Light grey, fine to medium-grained limestone, with very many large, 
irregular, dark grey chert concretions developed along the bedding planes; the 
great hardness of these concretions causes the beds usually to form a prominent, 
outcropping ridge. 24 feet 
The basal beds are especially conspicuous for their abundance of 
colonies of Lithostrotion and Syringopora, the latter occurring most 
abundantly a foot beneath the former. Brachiopods are abundant but 
difficult to extract except where silicified specimens stand partly weathered 
out upon the rock surface; the rock is so dense and jointed that fossils 
usually come out only in fragments. Three feet below the top is a prolific 
half-foot bed of Spirifers in a conspicuous chert band, and 7 feet below the 
top is a foot layer very conspicuous for its colonies of Lithostrotion whitneyi. 
Stylolites are present, though apparently not numerous. 
i Geol. Surv., Canada, N.S., vol. II, p. 19 D, 1887. 
10277—2} 
