2 
These larger groups were somewhat subdivided by McConnell 1 in 
the diagram of a section measured across the mountains eastward from the 
Columbia valley to the gap of Devils Lake valley. The formations appear- 
ing in the section along the valley of lake Minnewanka are: (1) Cretaceous 
of the Cascade trough; (2) Banff limestone (Devono-Carboniferous) ; 
(3) Intermediate (Devonian); and (4) Castle Mountain group (Cambrian); 
but in the accompanying report the Banff limestone was subdivided into 
four members which, in descending order, are: Upper Banff shales, Upper 
Banff limestone, Lower Banff shales, and Lower Banff limestone. 
In the geological map included in his report on the “Cascade Coal 
Basin”, D. B. Dowling 2 gives as the geological section below the Kootenay 
the following: 
Femie shale .Jurassic 
Upper Banff shale. Permian ? 
Upper Banff limestone L o . n „„„ 
Lower Banff shale Carboniferous 
Lower Banff limestone J 
Intermediate limestone Devonian 
Castle Mountain group Silurian and Cambrian 
E. M. Kindle 8 has presented a revision of the formational nomenclature 
of Banff district. His proposals are as follows: 
Spray River formation (Upper Banff shale) Triassic 
Rocky Mountain quartzite 
Rundle limestone (Upper Banff limestone) jPennsylvaman 
Banff shale (Lower Banff shale). Mississippian 
Banff limestone and dolomite liS wto™} Devonian 
Sawback limestone Cambrian 
In the following account, the formational terms proposed by Kindle 
have been adopted, except that it is now proposed to restrict the name 
Banff to what was originally called the Lower Banff shale and to apply 
the term Minnewanka to the limestone and dolomite formerly referred to 
as the Lower Banff and Intermediate limestones and, as by Kindle, the 
Banff limestone and dolomite. 
Thus the Minnewanka formation includes the old Lower Banff lime- 
stone above and the Intermediate limestone below. It is well exposed and 
fossiliferous in section 2, localities 38-77. The type locality is in section 
4, along the north side of Devils gap — the gap connecting the eastern end of 
lake Minnewanka and the valley of Ghost river. This gap is the eastward 
continuation of Lake Minnewanka valley. 
The Minnewanka formation rests disconformably upon the Ghost 
River formation of Walcott, 4 which is exposed If miles east of the Devils 
gap. Walcott describes it at its type locality 2 miles farther north as 
consisting of 285 feet of thin-bedded and shaly, buff-coloured magnesium 
limestones lying conformably between the superjacent Devonian beds 
(Intermediate limestone) and the Middle Cambrian limestones beneath 
(Cathedral formation). It contained no fossils. In section 4, localities 
11-13 belong apparently to the Ghost River formation. 
1 McConnell, R. G., Ibid., Ann. Kept., 1880, pt. D, 41 pp. 
1 Dowling, D. B., Gaol. Surv., Canada, Sens. Paper 26b, 1907. 
* Pan-American Geologist, vol. 42, 1924, pp. 113-124. 
* Smith. Misc. Coll., vol. 67, No. 8, p. 463, 1923. 
