97 
Glyptostrobus europaeus (Brongniart) Heer 
Glyptostrobus europaeus Heer, FI. Tert. Helv., vol. 1, p. 51, Pis. 19, 20, 1855. 
This wide-ranging and probably composite species has been recorded 
from a large number of Tertiary horizons well distributed throughout the 
northern hemisphere. These records in Canada comprise Stump lake, Simil- 
kameen and Horsefly rivers, B.C.; and Red Deer river, Alberta. The 
species is recorded from the Lance and Fort Union formations of north- 
western United States. It is abundant in the Kenai formation of Alaska, 
as well as in beds of corresponding age in west Greenland. In the present 
collections it occurs at Joseph creek and Kitsilano, 
Taxodium dubium (Sternberg) Heer 
Taxodium dubium Heer, FI. Tert. Helv., vol. 1, p. 49, PI. 17, figs. 3, 15, 1855. 
This is the familiar Taxodium distichum miocenum of authors. It 
has a Tertiary range throughout most of the northern hemisphere, and is 
apparently very similar to the existing bald cypress, with its distichous 
and deciduous twigs. It has been recorded in North America from horizons 
ranging from the Lance to the Mascall formations, and is a characteristic 
element in the Kenai and Puget floras. 
I have not detected it in the Puget plants from Burrard inlet or 
Kitsilano, where its place is taken by the superficially similar Sequoia 
langsdorfii , but it is exceelingly abundant at Joseph creek. 
Taxodium occidentale Newberry 
Plate X, figure 1 
Taxodium occidentale Newberrv, U.S. Geol. Surv., Mon. 35, p. 23, PI. 26, 
figs. 1-3, PL 55, fig. 5 (part), 1898. 
This species has been recorded from both the Lance and Fort Union 
formations of United States and from the following Canadian localities: 
Mackenzie, Souris, Red Deer, Blackwater, Similkameen, Tranquille, and 
Horsefly rivers; Porcupine creek; and Quilchena. In so far as my abundant 
material permits of generalization, the twigs were deciduous and never 
forked as Newberry figures some of his specimens. The leaves were 
coriaceous, as shown by the transformed material preserved in the shales 
and the longitudinal striations of shrinkage; they are almost perfectly 
narrow elliptical in shape with rounded tips and slightly tapering and 
inequilateral bases. The midribs are central and not exceptionally 
stout, and the amount of free petiole is almost nil, although there is clear 
evidence of its decurrence on the twig axis, and of twisting by which the 
spiral phyllotaxis is modified to a distichous habit. 
The material is in every way comparable to Taxodium and to no 
other genus of coniferophyte. There is considerable variation in size 
of parts and on some twigs the leaves vary to a narrower form which, 
if constant, would be indistinguishable from those of the familiar Taxodium 
dubium . In general for leaves of the same length those of Taxodium 
occidentale are twice as wide as those of Taxodium dubium. Newberry 
