16 
Matane 
At Matane, 36 miles to the east, an important river empties and its 
valley provides excellent sections of Pleistocene deposits and the older 
rocks. The Micmac beach is fragmentary here and the waves of the St. 
Lawrence are cutting into the next terrace in places, showing 20 feet of 
blue boulder clay with some Archsean stones, 18 feet of stratified marine 
gravel, and 2 or 3 feet of sandy soil. Going inland, terraces occur at nine 
levels, the highest one at 280 feet. In some places successive bars are 
found at higher and higher levels, as, for instance, between 98 and 118 feet. 
Ice-rafted, blocks were observed 20 feet above the highest beach. 
Marine shells, Macoma and Mytilus, were found plentifully at 100 
feet; Bell has reported shells at 245 feet, 8 miles up Metis river, 1 farther 
to the west. 
About a mile inland a cutting on a recent extension of the railway to 
a mill 3 or 4 miles up Matane river shows typical boulder clay, but no 
Archaean stones were found in it; and on the east bank of the river, at the 
mill, boulder clay rests on a striated surface of limestone. There is evidence 
in the rounding of the surface that the ice came down the valley, i. e. from 
the south and not the north. A hill reaching 280 feet on the west side of 
the river between the two points has the character of a kame, and specimens 
of coarse granite and anorthosite occur in the gravel. 
The evidence at Matane points to the presence of Labrador ice coming 
from the northwest and ending at the kame, where it was met by a local 
glacier coming from Shickshock mountains to the southeast. 
Matane to Cap -Chat 
East of Matane there is little to note until Cap-Chat is reached, but 
two striated surfaces observed along the way may be mentioned, one 
running north, the other north 10 degrees east, on a surface of slate near 
ruisseau a la Loutre (Plate II B), both probab^ caused by the northward 
movement of a local glacier. At Capucins, also, strise were observed along 
the road running 15 degrees or 20 degrees west of north on hard sand- 
stone. 
Where Cap-Chat river enters the St. Lawrence, a little east of Cap- 
Chat, ten terraces were recorded, rising from 20 feet to 207 feet, the last 
some miles up the river. Archsean boulders were found on all of them 
and a few granite or gneiss boulders of Archsean appearance were seen 
along the river near the foot of the mountains 10 or 12 miles inland, and 
395 feet above the sea. These may be accounted for as transported by 
floating ice driven south by northerly storms on what must have been a 
long bay opening into the St. Lawrence. It is, however, possible that they 
were borne by a local glacier from Tabletop 20 miles to the east. Blue 
boulder clay with Archsean stones is found at the mouth of the river. 
There are striking terraces and bars with rock cliffs behind them 
around the hill which forms the cape; and near the lighthouse a curious 
stack of sandstone 20 or 30 feet high rises above the terrace and is supposed 
to resemble a cat sitting up, thus giving the name to the place. Marine 
shells occur in a gravel terrace at 77 feet above the sea. 
1 Can. Nat. and Geo!, vol. VIII, 1803, p. ISO. 
