19 
Beyond this the tableland recedes somewhat and the road crosses 
some hills, but runs for the most part on low terraces or the beach as far as 
Mont-Louis (Plate IV), where two comparatively low headlands with 
rocky cliffs shelter a shallow bay 2 miles wide. A bar corresponding to the 
Micmac beach at 20 feet cuts off a swampy valley and the lower terraces 
beyond are occupied by farms for 2 or 3 miles from the sea. This valley 
is wider, and the hills enclosing it lower, than in the region just described 
toward the west. 
The next point of interest to the east is at anse Pleureuse, where a 
gravel bar at 31 feet dams a beautiful lake about 2f miles long, said by 
the fishermen to be 45 fathoms deep. It is walled on each side bj 1- steep 
slopes or in places cliffs, rising to 800 or 1,000 feet. This is one of the very 
few lakes found along the north coast of Gaspe and is clearly a preglacial 
river valley dammed by a sea-beach at a late stage in the postglacial 
rise of the land. It is not a fiord cut off by a bar, since the steep shores 
present well-marked spurs which a glacier would have truncated. 
This old valley, extending at least 240 feet below sea-level, gives 
evidence that the land stood much higher above the sea in preglacial times 
than now. 
Similar deeply cut valleys, but without lakes, separated by hills 
sometimes reaching 800 feet, are passed at St. Antoine and Manche d’Fpee 
on the road to the mouth of Magdalen river, the longest stream entering 
the St. Lawrence from the north side of Gaspe. It has its headwaters in 
Tabletop, the highest part of Shickshock mountains, and follows a devious 
course of more than 70 miles, first northeastwards, then eastwards, and 
finally northwards to the sea. Its channel is very much less perfectly 
graded than that of Ste. Anne river or Cap-Chat river and its valley is 
far more crooked, having extreme re-entrants, as if entrenched meanders 
belonging to a time of much less slope when the land stood lower (Figure 4). 
Seven miles from the sea there is a striking canyon enclosing a fall 
of 62 feet with strong rapids above and below; but near the mouth of the 
river the slope i§ gentle and the current slow. 
A sawmill and pulp mill have been erected at the falls, the head of 
which is about 300 feet abovejjthe sea, and a dam raises the water 23 feet 
above this to regulate the power. A railway built from the village of 
Riviere-Madeleine to the mill rises to 897 feet above the sea. The country 
to the east reaches at least 1,000 feet, and the broacl-topped hills on the 
