30 
Palliseria robusta Wilson 
Plate VI, figures 1, 2; Plate VII, figures 1, 2 
Can. Nat., vol. XXXVIII, No 8, p. 150, PI. I, figs. 1, 2; PI. II, figs. 1, 3. 
Large, robust, turbinate shell. Umbilicus open and deep, five or six 
rapidly enlarging whorls, closely coiled, highly ornamented by carinae and 
growth lines. In the early stages the whorl is narrow and deep, the margin 
of the umbilicus sharply defined, the other carinae faintly indicated or not 
yet developed. During growth the whorl increases in thickness more 
rapidly than in depth. In the section of the last whorl preserved there 
are six outstanding angles formed by the carinae. The preceding whorl 
is impressed broadly and deeply, producing two angles on the whorl, one 
at the umbilicus, one a sharply defined shoulder at the suture line. Exposed 
top of whorl evenly convex. In later life the outside of the whorl presents 
a broad, band-like surface, limited above by a rounded carina and below 
by a more sharply defined one. The fifth angle is the acute margin of 
the umbilicus. The umbilical margin of each whorl is free from that 
of the following whorl and projects into the umbilicus. The sixth carina, 
pointed slightly inward and downward, is entirely within the umbilicus, 
between the margin and the line of contact with the preceding whorl. 
Growth lines, after a very slight backward inclination, pass forward 
with a sigmoid curve to the top of the band-like area; across the band they 
incline backward gently after crossing the lower carina, then again curve 
slightly forward; at the umbilicus margin they turn sharply back and pile 
upon one another, making a ridge around the umbilicus. But they again 
curve slightly forward until they meet the sixth carina where they again 
pile up; from here they incline slightly forward to the point of contact 
with the whorl above. 
Shell substance very thick, of three layers, the inner and outer layer 
apparently similar and strong, the intermediate one more porous. Its place 
is as a rule filled by the matrix; where partly preserved it is more or less 
granular. 
Horizon and Locality . Richmond: Beaverfoot. From Palliser pass. 
Rocky mountains, B.C. 
Lophospira occidentals Wilson 
Plate VII, figure 3 
Can. Nat., vol. XXXVIII, No. 8, p. 151, PI. II, fig. 2. 
Greatest width 17 mm., greatest length 19 mm. Five whorls, that 
at the apex only partly preserved. Each whorl sharply defined by a 
prominent carina, a little less than a third above the contact of the whorl 
with the succeeding one. Whorl nearly quadrate in section, the upper 
edge being rather shorter than the other sides and the angles more rounded. 
Edge of umbilicus not exposed. 
