43 
support the slightly deformed Bonaventure conglomerates, the three 
series being unconformable with each other. It is, therefore, apparent 
that the Macquereau series had been folded into mountain masses and 
worn down to sea-level before Silurian time, since apparently it is the later 
Ordovician deposits that first overlap the upturned strata of this ancient 
series. The contacts of the Ordovician and Silurian formations upon the 
Macquereau are, therefore, markedly unconformable. 
All of the Silurian strata Logan named the Chaleur series, saying that 
their fossils correlated them with “the summit of the Anticosti group, 
about the horizon of the Niagara formation ’V It is now known, however, 
that the Anticosti section has no strata younger than Clinton time, whereas 
the Chaleur series embraces the equivalents of all that is now referred to the 
Niagaran series, i.e., the Clinton, Niagara, and Lockport divisions. 
Beginning to the east of Gascons, at the place once known as Anse-&- 
la-Vieille, and proceeding westward into higher strata to Anse-fl-la-Barbe, 
Logan determined the following section: 
Feet 
(1) Reddish-grey, micaceo-arenaceous limestones, weathering to a dull 
ochre-yellow, interstratified with six bands of siliceous conglomerate .... 140 
(2) Greenish calcareous shale, including a few beds of yellow-weathering 
limestones, with many nodules of the same 200 
There is here a break in the succession, occasioned by sharp folding 
resulting in a small fault. 
(3) Grey, hard limestone in beds of from 6 inches to a foot 50 
[Zones 1, 2, 3=our La Vieille formation] 
(4) Red, micaceo-arenaceous shale 200 
(5) Grey, limestone shale, inclining to green 900 
(6) Grey or greenish limestone, partly of a slaty character 150 
(7) Greenish calcareous shale 500 
[Zones 4-7 —our Gascons formation. This takes the section to the 
mouth of Chouinard brook] 
(8) Light red shale with green streaks and spots 500 
(9) Grey limestones, in beds of from 6 to 8 inches 200 
[To he seen in either side of Pointe aux Boul earn:. Zones 8 and 9=our 
Bouleaux formation] 
10) Light grey, compact limestone, indistinctly bedded, and filled with 
corals, broken encriniteB, and other fossils. Includes red, arenaceous 
limestone rich in white crinoid columnals 500 
Well exposed in the Gros Morbe [making Reddish point and beyond to 
Anse-a-la-Barbe. These limestones are the lower third of our West 
Point formation. The thickness given by Logan, however, is far 
less, since there is an anticline in the western part of the Gros Morbe] 
It was found readily possible on the basis of the lithology to divide 
the very thick Chaleur series of not less than 5,000 feet into six formations, 
all of which are of shallow-water seas and tidal flats of the St. Lawrence 
geosyncline, with faunas that are wholly different from those of the Arisaig 
series of the Acadian trough. Both seas had European connexions, the 
St. Lawrence with north Europe (Gotland) and with the interior of North 
America as well, and the Acadian trough with central Europe (Wales) 
and the southeast coast of the state of Maine. 
Curiously, the lowest Silurian formation, also of the Niagaran series, 
is not shown along the sea front, but inland at Clemville. Its position 
is, therefore, nearer the northern shoreline and its character will be 
i "Geology of Canada, 1863", p. 444. 
