53 
Top of upper pink limestone 
Covered zone 
Crinoidal limestone 
Covered zone. . . . 
Thin-bedded, fossiliferous limestones beside the private road to lower farm. 
Dip 25 degrees south 40 degrees east. Corals, Leptaena rk omboidalis, Gypir 
dula, Camaj otoechia 3 sp., Meristina, Atrypa reticularis, etc. 
Muddy, fine-grained, deep green sandstones, weathering red, interstratilled 
with local lenses of impure limestones up to 4 feet thick. It is in these 
limestone lenses that most of the fossils occur. Taonurus is again com- 
mon, and in the limestones occur corals and Crotalocrinus columnals. 
It is interesting to see here how corals and bryozoans grow in single heads 
on the mud bottoms, but eventually are turned over by the storm 
waves. Estimated depth out to low tide 
Total seen of Indian Point formation 
Feet 
14 
3 
22 
35 
120 
194 
BON A VENTURE SERIES 
The red Bonaventure conglomerates and sandstones are not of marine 
origin, nor were they deposited necessarily near the seashore, but are 
valley accumulations of the mountains made in Devonian time. Their 
irregularity and coarseness of materials, the endless repetition of conglo- 
merates, usually made of subangular to angular pebbles, largely of Silurian 
limestones that in places are 15 feet across, and the universal maroon to 
brick-red colour show that they are terrestrial deposits made under a dry 
climate. Everywhere in the Port Daniel-Anse-aux-Gascons area this 
formation is laid upon the intensely folded and deeply eroded Silurian 
strata, showing that before the time of Bonaventure stratal accumulation 
the St. Lawrence geosyncline had been folded into mountain ranges. This 
orogeny is now known to have taken place in later Devonian. J. M. 
Clarke holds that with the late Devonian orogeny the Bonaventure 
conglomerates began to accumulate, and that their time of origin was late 
Devonian and early Mississippian. 1 Nowhere in the area are there 
Devonian strata, though such of marine and freshwater origin are well 
known to the east about Perc6 and Gaspe, and marine to the west about 
Dalhousie and Campbellton, New Brunswick. They are also known to 
have wide, inland extension on Gaspe peninsula, and from Campbellton 
extend through northern Maine, but to the south in New Brunswick no 
Devonian formations are present. They, however, again occur in the 
Acadian trough of Nova Scotia. 
On the western side of the area, beginning at Indian point and thence 
inland to the north and west for many miles, the country is topped with 
the Bonaventure formation. These outcrops were not studied since 
they are described in the report by Ells. Remnants of the Bonaventure 
overlying the Silurian, however, were studied wherever such outliers 
were seen, and the results were as follows: 
At Indian point, about 2 miles to the west of West point, there is a 
cleanly washed contact of the Bonaventure upon the upended Silurian. 
The latter rocks were eroded to a level surface, the plane of which descends 
slowly seaward. Their dip is 40 degrees south 40 degrees east. Here the 
Bonaventure dips to the southwest, and is in the main a red shale that is 
more or less conglomeratic just above the contact. The pebbles are all 
small, up to 4 inches across, more or less angular, and in the main of Silurian 
strata. 
* Eighteenth. Rept., Director N.Y. State Mus., 1924, pp. 123-127. 
