319 
Distribution. Eastern North America. In Canada, common east of the Great Lakes. 
Reported on two occasions from eastern and southern Manitoba. 
SUBSPECIES. The subspecies accredited to Canada is the Northern Black-throated 
Blue Dendroica caerulescens caervlescens. 
655. Myrtle Warbler (Including Hoover’s Warbler), yellow-humped warbler. 
Dendroica coronata. L, 5-65. Plate LXIX B. Male: slaty blue above; white on 
throat and below. A broad black breast-band extending brokenly along flanks; spot on 
crown; rump and patches between flank and breast lemon yellow. Female: the same but 
duller, the black less pure and the blue clouded with buffy rust. Juveniles: similar in 
general, but back very rusty, breast dirty white with fine dark streaks, but with the yellow 
marks as above always more or less evident. 
Distinctions. Except within the range of Audubon’s Warbler unmistakably recognized 
by the characters above. The species differs from Audubon’s Warbler only in having a 
white instead of a yellow throat (compare with Plate LXX A). Young birds of the latter 
species may be very difficult to separate from the Myrtle, but there is almost always some 
trace of yellow on the throat. When this trace is absent, as occasionally happens, it is 
perhaps impossible to distinguish them as no character is absolutely constant. 
Field Marks. The yellow rump is always distinct and bright and makes a most 
conspicuous field mark. The throat being white instead of yellow will, when observed, 
separate the Myrtle from Audubon’s Warbler. 
Nesting. In coniferous trees; in nest of vegetable fibre lined with grasses. 
Distribution. North America except the western States. In Canada across the 
Dominion and into Alaska, north to the tree limit. Less common in British Columbia 
than farther east. 
SUBSPECIES. The form occupying eastern Canada to Alberta is the Eastern 
Myrtle Warbler Dendroica coronata coronata. The northwestern bird from Alaska to the 
Mackenzie and central British Columbia is Hoover’s Warbler Dendroica coronata hooveri, 
stated to be slightly larger and to have slight colour differences. An early Warbler to 
arrive in spring and late to depart in autumn. 
One of the most conspicuous and most characteristic Warblers in migra- 
tion time. Sometimes, especially in the autumn when the majority of 
other small birds have gone, the bushy wastes and weedy roadsides will 
be swarming with Myrtle Warblers, each showing its bright rump spot and 
giving voice to a metallic little cheep in proof of identity as it darts away. 
656. Audubon’s Warbler Dendroica audvhoni. L, 5-65. Plate LXX A. Like 
the Myrtle Warbler, but with a yellow instead of white throat. Young birds may not 
show a completely yellow throat, but it is unusual when some yellow is not indicated. 
Distinctions. With its distinctive coloration, expecially the contrastive yellow rump, 
mistakable for no other species than the Myrtle Warbler (compare with Plate LXIX B), 
Occasional young birds without the yellow throat are practically indistinguishable from 
that species, but in the majority of specimens enough yellow is suggested for the recogni- 
tion of the species. 
Field Marks. The yellow rump is always distinct and bright and makes a conspicuous 
field mark to separate the species from all other but the Myrtle. Separated from that 
species by yellow instead of white throat. 
Nesting. Usually in coniferous trees. Nest of strips of bark, pine needles, lined with 
fine roots and grasses. 
Distribution. Western North America. In Canada, east to the Alberta foothills, 
occasionally to Saskatchewan, north to central British Columbia. 
SUBSPECIES. The only subspecies formally recognized in Canada is the northern 
one, Dendroica audvhoni audvhoni. 
A species so like the Myrtle in habits and action as to require no separ- 
ate discussion. 
