CHAP. XVII.] 
BORNEO AND JAVA, 
351 
Zoological Features of Borneo. 
Mammalia . — About ninety-six species of mammalia have 
been discovered in Borneo, and of these nearly two-thirds are 
identical with those of the surrounding countries, and nearly 
one half with those of the continent. Among these are two 
lemurs, three civets, three cats, three deer, the tapir, the elephant, 
and several squirrels, an assemblage which could certainly only 
have reached the country by land. The following species of 
mammalia are supposed to be peculiar to Borneo : — 
Quadrumana. 
1. Simiamorio. A small orang-utan 
with large incisor teeth. 
2. Hylobates concolor. 
3. Nasalis larvatus. 
4. Senmopithecus mhicundns. 
5. „ chrysomelas. 
6. „ frontatus. 
7. Macacus melanotus. 
Carnivora. 
8. Cynogale bennettii. 
9. Paradoxurus stigmaticus. 
10. Herpestes semitorquatus. 
11. „ brachyurus. 
12. Felis badia. 
13. Lutra lovii ( Gunther , P. Z. S. 
1876, p. 736). 
Ungulata. 
14. Sus barbatus. 
Rodentia. 
1 5. Pteromys phseomelas. 
16. Sciurus ephippium. 
17. Sciurus pluto. 
18. „ macrotis. 
19. „ sarawakensis. 
20. „ borneonensis. 
21. „ rufogularis. 
22. „ atricapillus. 
23. „ rufogaster. 
24. Acanthion crassispinis. 
25. Tricbys lipura. 
Insectivora. 
26. Tupaia splendidula. 
27. „ minor ( Gunther , P. Z. S. 
1876, p. 426). . 
28. Dendrogale murina. 
29. Ptilocerus lowii. 
Ohiroptera. 
30. Phyllorina dorise. 
3J. Vesperugo stenopterus. 
32. „ dorite. 
33. ,, tylopus. 
34. Taphozous affinis. 
Of the thirty-four peculiar species here enumerated, it is 
probable that when they are more carefully studied some 
will be found to be identical with those of Malacca or Sumatra ; 
but there are also four peculiar genera which are less likely 
to be discovered elsewhere. These are Nasalis, the remarkable 
long-nosed monkey; Cynogale, a semi-aquatic civet; Trichys, 
a tailless porcupine ; and Ptilocerus, a feather-tailed arboreal 
insectivore. These peculiar forms do not, however, imply 
that the separation of the island from the continent is of very 
ancient date, for the country is so vast and so much of the 
