366 
ISLAND LIFE. 
[PAET II. 
that Corea and Manchuria (the portions of the continent 
opposite Japan) are comparatively little known, while in very 
few cases have the species of Japan and of the continent been 
critically compared. Where this has been done, however, the 
peculiar species established by the older naturalists have been 
in many cases found to be correct. 
List of the Mammalia of the Japanese Islands. 
1. Macacus speciosus. A monkey with rudimentary tail and red face, 
allied to the Barbary ape. It inhabits the island of Niphon up to 
41° N. Lat., and has thus the most northern range of any living 
monkey. 
2. Pteropus dasymallus. A peculiar fruit-bat, found in Kiusiu Island 
only (Lat. 33° N. ), and thus ranging further north of the equator 
than any other species of the genus. 
3. Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum. The great horse-shoe bat, ranges from 
Britain across Europe and temperate Asia to Japan. It is the 
JR. nippon of the Fauna Japonica according to Mr. Dobson’s Mono- 
graph of Asiatic Bats. 
4. R. minor. Found also in Burma, Yunan, Java, Borneo, &c. 
5. Vesperugo pipistrellus. From Britain across Europe and Asia. 
6. V. abramus. Also in India and China. 
7. V. noctula. From Britain across Europe and Asia. 
8. V. molossus. Also in China. 
9. Yespertilio capaccinii. Philippine Islands, and Italy ! This is V. 
macrodactylus of the Fauna J aponica according to Mr. Dobson. 
10. Miniopterus schreibersii. Philippines, Burma, Malay Islands. This is 
Vespertilio blepotis of the Fauna Japonica. 
11. Talpa wogura. Closely resembles the common mole of Europe, but 
has six incisors instead of eight in the lower jaw. 
12. Urotrichus talpoides. A peculiar genus of moles confined to Japan 
and the north-west coast of N. America. The American species has 
been named Urotrichus gibsii, but Mr. Lord after comparing the two 
says that he “ can find no difference whatever, either generic or 
specific. In shape, size, and colour, they are exactly alike.” 
13T~ Sorex myosurus. A shrew, found also in India and Malaya. 
14. Sorex dzi-nezumi. 
15. $. umbrinus. 
16. S. platycephalus. 
17. Ursus arctos. var. A peculiar variety of the European brown bear 
which inhabits also Amoorland and Kamschatka. It is the Ursus 
ferox of the Fauna Japonica. 
18. Ursus japonicus. A peculiar species allied to the Himalayan and For- 
mosan species. Named U. tibetanus in the Fauna Japonica. 
