CHAP. XVIII.] 
JAPAN AND FORMOSA. 
367 
19. Meles analcuma. Differs from the European and Siberian badgers in 
the form of the skull. 
20. Mustela Irachyum. A peculiar marten found also in the Kurile 
Islands. 
21. Mustela melanopus. The Japanese sable. 
22. M. Japonica. A peculiar marten (See Froc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 104). 
23. M. Sibericus. Also Siberia and China. This is the M. italsi of the 
Fauna Japonica according to Dr. Gray. 
24. Lutronectes whiteleyi. A new genus and species of otter (P. Z. S. 
1867, p. 180). In the Fauna Japonica named Lutra vulgaris. 
25. Enhydris marina. The sea-otter of California and Kamschatka. 
26. Canis hodophylax. According to Dr. Gray allied to Cuon sumatranus 
of the Malay Islands, and G. alpinus of Siberia, if not identical 
with one of them (P. Z. S. 1868, p. 500). 
27. Vulpes japonica. A peculiar fox. Canis vulpes of Fauna Japonica. 
28. Nyctereutes procyonoides. The racoon-dog of N. China and Amoor- 
land. 
29. Lepus brachyurus. A peculiar hare. 
30. Sciurus lis. A peculiar squirrel. 
31. Pteromys leucogenys. The white-cheeked flying squirrel. 
32. P. momoga. Perhaps identical with a Cambojan species (P. Z. S. 
1861, p. 137). 
33. Myoxus japonicus. A peculiar dormouse. M. elegans of the Fauna 
Japonica ; M. javanicus, Schinz ( Synopsis Mammalium, ii. p. 530). 
34. Mus argenteus. China. 
35. Mus molossinus. 
36. Mus nezumi. 
37. M. speciosus. 
38. Cervus silca. A peculiar deer allied to C. pseudaxis of Formosa and 
C. mantchuricus of Northern China. 
39. Nemorhedus crispa. A goat-like antelope allied to N. sumatranus of 
Sumatra, and N. Swinhoei of Formosa. 
40. Sus leucomystax. A wild boar allied to S. taevanus of Formosa. 
We thus find that no less than twenty-six out of the forty 
Japanese mammals are peculiar, and if we omit the aerial bats 
(nine in number), as well as the marine sea-otter, we shall have 
remaining only thirty strictly land mammalia, of which twenty- 
five are peculiar, or five-sixths of the whole. Nor does this 
represent all their speciality ; for we have a mole differing in 
its dentition from the European mole ; another closely allied to 
an American species ; a peculiar genus of otters ; and an antelope 
whose nearest allies are in Formosa and Sumatra. The import- 
ance of these facts will he best understood when we have examined 
the corresponding affinities of the birds of J apan. 
