INDEX 
A. 
Acacia, 179 
Acacia heterophylla, 413 
Acacia koa, 413 
Acsena in California, 495 
Achatinellinae, average range of, 304 
Accipiter Hawaii, 301 
JEgialitis sanctce-helena’, 294 
Africa, characteristic mammalia of, 388 
former isolation of, 390 
Africa and Madagascar, relations of, 390 
early history of, 391 
African highlands as aiding the migration 
of plants, 492 
African reptiles absent from Madagascar, 
389 
Aggressiye power of the Scandinavian flora, 
479 
Air and water, properties of in relation to 
climate, 127 
Alectorwnas pulcheirimus, 402 
Allen, Mr. J. A., on variation, 57 
Allied species occupy separate areas, 449 
Alpine plants, their advantages as colo- 
nisers, 472 
Alternations of climate in Switzerland and 
North America, 117 
Alternations of climate, palaeontological 
evidence of, 115 
Amblyrhynchus cristatus, 269 
Amazon, limitation of species by, 17, 18 
American genera of reptiles in Madagascar, 
Amphibia, dispersal of, 73 
Amphibia of the Seychelles, 402, 403 
introduced, of Mauritius, 409 
of New Zealand, 454 
Amphioxus, 62 
Amydrus Tristramii, restricted range of, 15 
Anas Wyvilliana, 301 
Ancient continental islands, 238, 383 
Ancient glacial epochs, 163 
what evidence of may be expected, 169 
Ancient groups in Madagascar, 392 
Andersson, N. J., on the flora of the Galapa- 
gos, 277 
Andes, migration of plants along the, 488 
Andromeda, 179 
Angroecum sesquipedale, 411 
Animal life, effects of glacial epoch on, 113 
Animal life of Formosa, 373 
Anoa depressicornis, 427 
Antarctic continent as a means of plant- 
dispersion, 489 
Antarctic islands with perpetual snow, 131 
Antelopes, overlapping genera of, 28 
Antiquity of Hawaiian fauna and flora, 309 
of land-shells, 76 
of New Zealand, 494 
of plants as affecting their dis- 
persal, 80 
Apera arundinacea, 471 
Apiuvi graveolens in New Zealand, 483 
Apteryx, species of, 447 
Arabia hirsuta on railway arch, 482 
Archaic forms still existing, 221 
Arctic and Antarctic regions, contrasts of, 
132 
Arctic current, effects of a stoppage of, 
145 
Arctic plants in the southern hemisphere, 
477 
Arctic regions, mild climates of, 175 
recent interglacial mild period in, 175 
Arctic warm climates of Secondary and 
Palaeozoic times, 195 
Areas of distribution, 13 
separate and overlapping, 17 
Ascension, former climate and productions 
of, 292 
Astronomical and geographical causes, com- 
parative effects of, on climate, 200 
Astronomical causes of change of climate, 
122 
of glaciation, 136 
Atlantic isles, peculiar mosses of, 343 
Atiantosaurus, the largest land-animal, 96 
Atriplex patula on a railway bank, 483 
Auchenia, 26 
Austen, Mr. Godwin, on littoral shells in 
deep water, 317 
Australia, two sets of Northern plants in, 
491 
South European plants in, 491 
Australia and South Africa, supposed con- 
nection of, 493 
Australian birds absent from New Zealand, 
453 
Australian flora, general features of, 461 
richest in temperate zone, 461 
recent and derivative in the tropics, 
462 
its south-eastern and south-western 
divisions, 463 
Sir Joseph Hooker on, 463 
geological explanation of, 464 
its presence in New Zealand, 467 
natural orders of wanting in New Zea- 
land, 460 
Australian orchidese in China, 495 
L L 2 
