520 
INDEX. 
Geology of Borneo, 350 
of Madagascar, 384 
of Celebes, 422 
of New Zealand, 443 
of Australia, 465 
Geomalacus maculosus, 338 
Glacial climate not local, 112 
deposits of Scotland, 109 
Glacial epoch, proofs of, 104 
effects of on animal life, 113 
alternations of climate during, 114 
as causing migration and extinction, 119 
causes of, 121 
the essentials to the production of, 130 
probable date of the, 155 
and the climax of continental develop- 
ment, 199 
date of last, 225 
Glacial phenomena in North America, 112 
Glaciation was greatest where rainfall is 
now greatest, 134 
Glaciation, summary of chief causes of, 189 
in Northern Hemisphere, the only 
efficient cause of, 143 
of New Zealand and South Africa, 157 
local, due to high excentricity, 199 
widespread in recent times, 504 
Gleichenia in Greenland, 179 
Globigerina-ooze, analysis of, 89 
in relation to chalk, 87 
Globigerinse, where found, 89, 90 
Glyptostrobus, 179 
Goats, destructiveness of, in St. Helena, 285 
Godman, Mr., on birds reaching the Azores, 
242 
Godenia, 179 
Great Britain and Japan, birds common to, 
368 
Greene, Dr. J. Eeay, on chameleons in 
Bourbon and Mauritius, 406 
Greenland, loss of sun-heat by clouds in, 
141 
an anomaly in the Northern Hemi- 
sphere, 149 
Miocene flora of, 177 
Cretaceous flora of, 179 
flora of ice-surrounded rocks of, 490 
Grinnell Land, fossil flora of, 178 
Guernsey, peculiar caddis-fly in, 337 
Gulick, Rev. J. T., on Achatinellin®, 304 
Gunther, Dr., on peculiar British fishes, 321 
on lizards in the London Docks, 402 
H. 
Haast, Dr., on otter-like mammal in New 
Zealand, 446 
on Kauri-tree in Cretaceous beds of New 
Zealand, 468 
Habitability of globe due to disproportion 
of land and water, 201 
Haplothorax burchellii, 288 
Hartlaub, Dr., on “ Lemuria,” 394, 409 
Hatter i/t punctata , 454 
Haughton, Professor, on heat carried by 
ocean-currents, 187 
comparison of Miocene and existing 
climates, 190 
on geological time, 204, 216 
on thickness of sedimentary rocks, 212 
Hawaiian fauna and flora, antiquity of, 309 
Heat and cold, how dispersed or stored up, 
128 
Heat required to melt snow, 129 
evolved by frozen water, its nature and 
effects, 140 
Heat cut off by cloud and fogs, 140 
Hector, Dr., on ancient flora of New Zea- 
land, 467 
on Triassic and Jurassic flora of New 
Zealand, 494 
Heer, Professor, on chalk sea in Central 
Europe, 91 
Helianthemum breweri, 339 
Heliodus, 68 
Helix, 17 
Hemiptera of St. Helena, 292 
Hepatic®, peculiar British, 342 
non-European genera of in Britain, 343 
Hesperomys, 25 
Hesperornis allied to ostriches, 451 
Hieracium iricum, 339 
High land essential to the production of a 
glacial epoch, 130 
Himalayan birds and insects in Celebes, 
433 
Hippopotamus in Yorkshire as proving a 
mild climate, 115 — 117 
Hirundo, 25 
Hochstetter on the aquatic mammal of New 
Zealand, 446 
Hooker, Sir Joseph, on the Galapagos flora, 
276 
on affinities of St. Helena plants, 295 
on the flora of New Zealand, 457 
on proportion of temperate and tropical 
Australian floras, 461 
on current of vegetation from north to 
south, 478 
on supposed occurrence of Australian 
plants in England in the Tertiary 
period, 486 
Humming-birds, restricted ranges of, 16 
Hutton, Captain, on struthious birds of New 
Zealand, 449 
Huxley, Professor, on geological time, 204 
on European origin of African animals, 
390 
Hyalina Bermudensis, 260 
circumfirmata, 260 
discrepans, 260 
Hyomoschus, 27 
Hyracoidea, restricted range of, 29 
I. 
Ice-action, what evidences of during the 
Tertiary period, 171 
indications of ancient, 194 
Ice-borne rocks, a test of a glacial epoch, 
170 
in Miocene of N. Italy, 171 
in Eocene of Alps, 172 
in Eocene of Carpathians and Apennines, 
172 
absence of, in English and N. American 
Tertiaries, 174 
Ice-cap, why improbable or impossible, 156 
Iceland, a continental island, 421 
Icterid®, 49 
Iguanid®, 49 
Indian birds in Formosa, 378 
Indian ocean as a source of heat in Tertiary 
times, 186 
Indian genera of plants in Australia, 462 
Indicator, distribution of, 25 
Insectivora in Madagascar, 389 
Insects, dispersal of, 75 
of the Miocene period, 75 
restriction of range of, 75 
of the Azores, 244 
of Eermuda, 260 
