INDEX. 
521 
Insects of the Galapagos, 273 
of the Sandwich Islands, 305 
peculiar British, 325 
of Celebes, peculiarities of, 482 
Insular faunas, summary of conclusions as 
to, 507, 510 
Interglacial warm periods on the continent 
and in North America, 117 
Interglacial periods and their probable 
character, 147 
Interglacial periods will not occur during an 
epoch of extreme glaciation, 150 
Interglacial climates never very warm, 154 
Ireland, poverty of, in reptiles, 319 
in plants, 320 
Ireland, peculiar fishes of, 321, 323 
Ireland, plants of not found in Great 
Britain, 340 
Islands, classification of, 234 
importance of, in study of distribution, 
233 
Islands, remote, how stocked with plants 
and animals, 253 
Islands submerged between Madagascar and 
India, 396 
Isle of Man, peculiarities of Lepidoptera of, 
831 
Isle of Wight, peculiar beetle of, 336 
Isatis tinctoria, on railway bank, 481 
Italian sparrow, restricted range of, 15 
Ithaginis, 26 
J. 
Japan birds in distant areas, 370 
Japan, zoological features of, 365 
mammalia of, 365 
birds of, 868 
birds peculiar to, 369 
Japan and Formosa, 363 
Java, fauna of, 356 
Asiatic species in, 358 
past history of, 359 
Java and Borneo, past changes of, 359 
Jays, distribution of species of, 20 
Jays of Europe and Japan, 65 
Jeffreys, Dr. Gwyu, on shallow-water mol- 
lusca in chalk, 90 
on fossil shallow-water shells in deep 
water, 318 
Jones, Mr., on red clay of Bermuda, 256 
on migration of birds to Bermuda, 259 
on vegetation of the Bermudas, 261 
Juan Fernandez, flora and fauna of, 276 
Judd, Prof. J. W., on absence of glaciation 
in east Europe, 185 
on glaciation of the Alps produced by 
elevation, 173 
Juniperus barbadensis, 262 
Jura, travelled blocks on, 107 
Jurassic warm Arctic climate, 195 
Land and sea, changes of, 81. 
how changes of affect climate, 143, 141! 
Land and water, disproportion of renders 
globe habitable, 201 
Land-birds of Celebes, list of, 436 
Land-connection, how far necessary to dis- 
persal of mammals, 72 
Land-shells, great antiquity of, 76 
universal distribution of, 77 
causes favouring the abundance of, 77 
Land-shells of the Azores, 247 
of Bermuda, 260 
of the Galapagos, 274 
of St. Helena, 292 
of the Sandwich Islands, 303 
of the Seychelles, 405 
Laurus canariemis, 251 
Leguat on the Solitaire, 407 
Leguminosse, abundance of in Australia, 
460 
“Lemuria,” a supposed submerged conti- 
nent, 894-399 
Lemurs in Madagascar, 388 
Leopard, enormous range of, 14 
Lepidoptera, list of peculiar British, 827 
Lepidoptera of the Isle of Man, 331 
Lepidosiren,' 62 
Lepidosiren paradoxa, and L. annectens, 67 
Lepidosternidae, 27 
Limestone as indicating change of sea and 
land, 83 
Limncea involuta, 338 
Linaria purpurea, on railway bank, 482 
Liopelma hochstetteri, 454 
Liotrichidae, 29 
List of the land-birds of Celebes, 428 
Lizards of the Galapagos, 269 
local variation of colour of, 403 
Lizard peculiar to the Mascarene Islands, 
410 
Lizards of New Zealand, 454 
Lobeliaceae, abundance of in the Sandwich 
Islands, 808 
Locality of a species, importance of, 12 
Loddigesia mirabilis, rarity of. 16 
Lord, Mr., on species of Urotriclius, 366 
Low-grade and high-grade heat, 140 
Lowlands nowhere covered with perpetual 
snow, 131 
Lundy Island, peculiar beetles of, 386 
Lyell, Sir Charles, on permanence of conti- 
nents, 82 
on calcareous mud, 88 
on the distribution of chalk, 91 
on geographical causes as modifying 
climate, 143 
on estimate of geological time, 203 
on classification of sedimentary rocks, 
209 
Lynxes, 41 
M. 
K. 
Keeling Islands, animals of, 274 
Kirk, Mr. T , on temporary introduced 
plants, 483 
Knowledge of various kinds required for 
study of geographical distribution, 
7, 9 
L. 
Lagopus scoticus, 320 
Land as a barrier to ocean-currents, 145 
McLachlan, Mr. , on peculiar British caddis- 
flies, 327, 337 
Madagascar, physical features of, 384 
former condition of, 386 
biological features of, 388 
mammalia of, 388 
reptiles of, 889 
relation of to Africa, 390 
early history of, 891 
birds of in relation to “ Lemuria,” 394 
conclusion on fauna and flora of, 417 
great antiquity of, 417 
Madagascar and Africa, contrast of, 6 
relations of, 390 
