524 
INDEX, 
Plants, wide range of species and genera of, 
178 
poverty of, in Ireland, 320 
peculiar British, 339 
of Ireland not in Great Britain, 340 
cause of their wide diffusion and narrow 
restriction, 345 
how they migrate from north to south, 
480 
of existing genera throughout the 
Tertiary period, 488 
southern migration of, by way of the 
Himalayas, 491 
southern migration of, through Africa, 
' 492 
endemic genera of, in New Zealand, 494 
Plestiodon longirostris of Bermuda, 257 
Platypus, 29 
Po, matter carried away by, 166 
Podargus, 46 
Poinciana regia , 411 
Populus, 179 
Pourtales, Count, on modern formation of 
chalk, 93 
on sedimentary deposits in Gulf of 
Mexico, 215 
Poverty in species of Britain, 318 
Precession of Equinoxes, influence of on 
climate, 123 
Preservation of species, 62 
Proboscidea, range of, 29 
Proteus, 62 
Psophia, range of species of, 18 
Pteroptochidse, 29 
Pyrenean ibex, restricted range of, 15 
R. 
Railways, new plants on, 481 
Ramsay, Professor, on ancient land surfaces, 
97 
on geological time, 205 
on thickness of sedimentary rocks, 212 
Rat, native, of New Zealand, 445 
Rats in the Galapagos, 268 
Rate of organic change usually measured 
by an incorrect scale, 225 
Raven, wide range of, 15 
Reade, T. Mellard, on changes of sea and 
land, 82 
Recent continental islands, 235 
Red clay of Bermuda, 256 
Reptiles, dispersal of, 73 
of the Galapagos, 268 
of the Sandwich Islands, 303 
cause of scarcity of, in British Isles, 319 
of Madagascar, 889 
of the Seychelles, 402 
of Mauritius and Round Island, 409 
of New Zealand, 453 
Rhodolaina altivola, 411 
Rhus toxicodendron, 262 
River-channels, buried, 317 
Roches moutonnees, 104 
Rodents in Madagascar, 389 
Rosa hibernica, 339 
Round Island, a snake and a nalm peculiar 
to, 410, 415 
Runxex pulcher, in New Zealand, 483 
Rye, Mr. E. C., on peculiar British insects, 
325, 332, 335 
S. 
St. Helena, 280 
effects of European occupation on the 
vegetation of, 283 
St. Helena, insects of, 286 
land-shells of, 292 
absence of fresh-water organisms in, £93 
native vegetation of, 294 
Salvin, Mr., on the birds of the Galapagos, 
270 
Sandwich Islands, the, 298 
zoology of, 301 
birds of, 301 
reptiles of, 303 
land-shells of, 303 
insects of, 305 
vegetation of, 305 
antiquity of fauna and flora of, 309 
Sassafras, 179 
Scandinavian flora, aggressive power of, 479 
Scientific voyages, comparative results of, 7 
Sciurus, 25 
Sclater, Mr. P. L., zoological regions of, 32, 
39 
Scotland, glacial deposits of, 109-112 
probable rate of denudation in, 167 
Miocene flora of, 178 
peculiar fishes of, 321 
Scotophilus tuberculatus, 445 
Scrophularineae, why few species are com- 
mon to Australia and New Zealand, 
474 
Sea, depth of around Madagascar, 394 
depth of around Celebes, 422 
Sea-bottom around New Zealand and Aus- 
tralia, 443 
Sea-level, changes of, dependent on glacia- 
tion, 155 
complex effects of glaciation on, 157, 
158 
rise of, a cause of denudation, 168 
Seas, inland in Tertiary period, 185 
Section of sea-bottom near Bermuda, 255 
Sedges and grasses common to Australia 
and New Zealand, 472 
Sedimentary rocks, how to estimate thick- 
ness of, 209 
thinning out of, 210 
how formed, 211 
thickness of, 209, 212 
summary of conclusions on the rate of 
formation of the, 214, 506 
Seebohm, Mr., on Parus palustris, 64 
on Emberiza sclueniclus, 65 
on snow in Siberia, 161 
on birds of Japan, 368 
Seeds, dispersal of, 248 
carried by birds, 250 
Senecio australis, on burnt ground, 481 
Sericinus, 42 
Seychelles Archipelago, 400 
birds of, 401 
reptiles and amphibia of, 402 
fresh-water fishes of, 405 
land-shells of, 405 
Sharp, Dr. D., on peculiar British beetles, 
325 
Shells, p'eculiar to Britain, 338 
Shetland Isles, peculiar beetle of, 336 
Shore deposits, 83, 211 
proving the permanence of continents, 
94, 95 
distance from coast of, 214 
Siberia, amount of snow and its sudden 
disappearance in, 135 
Silurian boulder-beds, 194 
warm Arctic climate, 195 
Simiidae, 27 
Sisyrinchium bermudianum, 262 
Skertchley, Mr., on four distinct boulder 
clays, 114 
