CATTLE SIIORT-HOEN8. 
37 
The Yorkshires and Lincolnshires are now but little known, being super- 
seded by the improved breed now generally known and recognized by 
the name of Short-Horn, or the crosses thereof. 
Their characteristics were those in a modified degree of the old Dur- 
ham and Teeswater cattle. 
Short-Horns Proper. 
The only representation of this class worthy of notice here, are the 
descendants of the old Durham or .Teeswater cattle, which have existed 
in the counties of Durham and York, from the earliest historical periods. 
These uniformly had short horns, were of large size, and were extra- 
ordinary milkers. 
As to their characteristics, they were thin-skinned ; sleek-haired; 
rather delicate in constitution ; not mellow to the touch ; coarse in offal ; 
defective in girth forward ; slow to fatten ; the meat inferior, and often 
of a dark hue. 
Excellence in the aptitude of the Short-Horns of latter years to fatten, 
early maturity, and mellowness of hide, go back almost one bundled 
and fifty years, when the Short-Horns, on the banks of the river Tees, 
(and hence called the Teeswater breed), began to assume the distinctive 
characteristics of the Short-Horns of a later period. 
Short-Horn History. 
Whatever may have been the origin of the cattle from which havo 
descended the present race of Short-Horns, it is not of moment litre. It 
is enough to know that they had been for many generations bred suf- 
ficiently pure to establish certain characteristics that attracted the most 
eminent breeders of the day. 
Among the breeders of the latter part of the last century, and tho 
early part of the present century, were the Collings, (Charles and 
Robert), Sir Henry Vane, Col. John Trotter, and Mr. Mason. 
In the early years of the present century, Mr. John Stevenson, Mr. 
Bates, and Mr. Booth, each became celebrated for the eminence of their 
animals. Earl Spencer also acquired a great reputation, a3 the possessor 
of extraordinary animals, and for prices received by himself and Mr. 
Bates. 
Since the death of the latter gentleman in 1849, Short-Horns havo 
steadily increased in price for fashionably bred animals, running far into 
thousands of dollars, of late years, for a single animal, while those not 
so fashionably bred were equally sought at prieffs that would have seemed 
large fifty or sixty years ago. 
