CATTLE, HEREFORD8. 
Herefords Fifty Years Ago. 
to 
Mr. Marshal, a most competent authority, gives the following account 
of tho improved Hereford as it was known fifty years ago : 
“The countenance pleasant, cheerful, open; the forehead broad ; eye 
full and lively ; horns bright, taper, and spreading ; head small ; chop 
lean ; neck long and tapering ; chest deep ; bosom broad, and projecting ( 
forward ; shoulder-bone thin, flat, no way protuberant in bone, but full 
and mellow in flesh ; chest full ; loin broad ; hips standing wide, and level 
with the chine ; quarters long, and wide, at the neck ; rump even with tho 
level of the back, and sharp above -the quarters ; tail slender and neatly 
haired ; barrel round and roomy ; the carcass throughout deep and well 
spread ; ribs broad, standing flat and close on the outer surface, forming 
a smooth, even barrel; the hind parts large and full of strength; neck 
bones snug, not prominent ; thigh clean, and regularly tapering ; legs up- 
rio-ht and short ; bone below tho knee and hock small ; feet of middle size ; 
flank large ; flesh every where mellow, soft, and yielding pleasantly to tho 
touch, especially on the chine, the shoulder and the ribs; hide mellow, 
supple, of a middle thickness, and loose on the neck and huckle ; coat 
neatly haired, bright, and silky ; color, a middle red ; this, with a bald 
face, is characteristic of the true Hereford breed.” 
Tho Hereford Cow. 
The Hereford cow compared with the ox is small and delicate, and not 
always handsomely made, to the superficial observer. 
Here again this breed would seem to show their relationship to the 
Devon. She carries but little flesh, in breeding condition, and when 
breeding, should not be fed sufficiently to accumulate much fat ; for, in 
order that the young bo superior, the dam should have plenty of room 
inside. 
With the Herefords, experience has shown that the dam may not be too 
largo or coarse but she should be roomy. Then tho breeder will get, 
even from apparently inferior cows, large, handsome steers, that will 
fatten early, and kindly, aud to great weights. 
When the cow is done breeding, and ready for fatting, it will please 
the owner to see how she will spread out, and accumulate flesh and fat 
and this to a greater degree, than if not allowed to breed. 
The Herefords aro a hardy, gentle race, maturing early, and are long 
lived. The flesh is superior, handsomely marbled, heavy in the prime 
parts, and they fatten to weights fully as heavy as any known breed. 
Their massive strength, honesty and gentleness make them the best 
working oxen known, and the potency of the bulls, when crossed upon 
