CATTLE, TIOLSTEINS. 
85 
coarseness of build in the cow. They are seldom found on well-bred 
animals, yet exceptionally they occur, and are much liked. A teat should 
be large enough to grasp, say from two to two and a half inches in 
length. A shorter one would bo an objection ; with larger, I should fear 
coarseness. 
Color and Carriage. 
>* In color the Ayrsliircs vary greatly. Brown, red, and white appears 
to good advantage, and is fashionable. A good quantity of white, well 
distributed, adds style and showiness to the animal. Yellow and white 
is frequently seen, yet while this color is sometimes stated as indicating 
lack of hardiness, I am not aware of any proofs of argument having 
been brought forward to support this view. Color is as 3 -ct a matter of 
taste, for its correlations are hardly guessed at ; and from almost pure 
black, through the redo to almost pure white, arc colors found on (ho 
best cows. Black spots on the skin, barely perceptible through tho hair, : 
often occur on the best cattle. Strawberry-blotched and red and whito 
arc perhaps the more common colors. A self-colored animal, or a roan, 
or animal with white on the cars, the writer has never yet seen among - 
the Ayrsliircs in Scotland or in this country, when the podigree wa 3 - 
unquestionable. 
“The carriage should be light and active, the head well up, and (he 
hind legs should not cross in walking. The condition should be neither 
fat nor lean, but that average "which a good cow holds when in good 
ilesh at calving, liberally fed while in milk.” 
Holstein Cattle. 
Dutch cattle were undoubtedly among the first cattle ever brought to 
America. Canada was visited by the French in 1808, when (hoy founded 
Quebec. Soon after colonists arrived and brought with them the little 
Kormandy cattle. The English lirsfc settled cn (ho James river, in 
Virginia, in 1607, and New York was settled by the Dutch in 1611-. In 
1625 the first cattle were imported from the mother country, and they 
were undoubtedly tho Dutch cows noted for milk, or a race nearly allied 
to what are now generally recognized as Holsteins. That this supposition 
is correct is probably true, since these cattle were considered valuable for 
milk and labor. It would naturally follow that these two qualities should 
be considered of prime importance by the practical Dutch settlors, in a 
country where game in abundance might be had by all who knew how 
properly to aim a gun. Rearing cattle for the sake of meat would be & 
•ecoiulary consideration there. 
