112 
ILLUSTRATED STOCK DOCTOB. 
shank, there is no breed so large and jnuscular above the knee, while 
there is more room for the deep, broad and capacious chest. He is clean, 
not fine and slender, but well proportioned in the neck and chaps ; a tlnn 
and delicate neck would not correspond with the broad shoulders, deep 
ehest and close, compact form of the breed. The neck of the Galloway 
bull is thick almost to a fault. The head is rather heavy ; the eyes are 
not prominent; and the ears are large, rough and full of long bans on 
J The Galloway is covered with a loose mellow skill of medium thick- 
ness, which is clothed with long, soft, silky hair ; the skin is thinner than 
that of the Leicestershire, but not so fine as the hide of the Short-Hom, 
although it handles soft and kindly. . . . 
The prevailing and fashionable color is black.; a few are of a dark 
brindle brown, and still fewer arc speckled with white spots, and some o 
them are of a dun color. Dark colors are uniformly preferred, from 
the belief that they indicate hardiness of constitution. 
The Galloway cows are not good milkers ; but although the quantity 
of milk is not great, it is rich in quality, and yields a largo proportion of 
butter. A cow that gives from twelve to sixteen quarts per day is con- 
sidered very superior, and that quantity produces more than a pound and 
a half of butter. The average, however, of a Galloway cow cannot bo 
reckoned at more than six or eight quarts per day, during the five 
summer months, after feeding her calf. During the next five months s 10 
does not give more than half that quantity, and for two or three months 
she is dry. There is, perhaps, no breed of cattle which can be moio 
trulv sak/to be indigenous to the country, and incapable of improvement 
£ Ly foreign cross, than tiro Galloways. The 
everywhere else have improved the cattle of too districts o tv it y 
have^traveled ; at least in the first cross produced manifest improvement , 
but even in the first cross the Short-Horns have done little good m the 
Galloway, and, as a permanent mixture, the choicest southern bulls have 
failed. The intelligent Galloway breeder is now perfectly satisfied that 
his stock can only be improved by adherence to the pure breed, an y 
care in the selection. While this is undoubtedly true of all pure or 
fthorou^h-bred stock, it seems especially so of the Galloways to-day. It 
does not however follow that pure breeds may not improve the mixe 
stock of a country. They must and do, as the magnificent Short-Horn, 
Hereford and Devon grades amply testify in all our great markets 
That the Galloways have many valuable points cannot bo denied One 
of these is their absence of horns ; another is their extreme docility. U 
by crossing Galloway bulls with Texan cows their horns could be toned 
down their wildness tamed, their frames thickened with superior flesh. 
