124 ILLUSTRATED STOCK DOCTOR. 
variety of grasses. His pastures, to produce the greater quantity and 
best quality of milk, must be permanent ones, and the older the better. 
This with a moist climate is what has made some sections of England, and 
especially Ireland, Holland, and Denmark so celebrated for their dairy 
products. This, also, with the peculiar care given in feeding, has made 
England and Scotland celebrated throughout the world, not only for tho 
heavy weight, and superior quality of the beef, but it has resulted in such 
superior beef cattle as the world has never before known. Some of these 
bi ecds, transplanted to the United States, have taken kindly to our soil 
and climate. The wonderful fertility of the land lying west of the Alte- 
glianies and north of the southern line of Tennessee, and especially those 
States bordering upon the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, and principal 
tributaries, and, also, tho groat Southwest — this teeming fertility of 
soil has made all this great region of country the true home of the most 
celebrated breeds of cattle — where they have reached weight, and rich- 
ness of milk given, no where else attained except in very confined areas. 
What Breeds are Be3t? 
This becomes a most important question. In all that great region of 
the West, of gentle undulating prairies or grassy plains, Short-Horns and 
Herefords will be found -the very best cattle to breed from, when only 
beef is the object. If labor and beef are wanted, the Devons and Here- 
fords will be found most valuable. If beef and milk arc to be the- pro- 
ducts, the Duchess and Princess families of Short-Horns, and the Holsteins 
will give the best returns. If dairying is to be the chief industry, then, 
for butter, the Ayrshire, with a few of Jerseys intermixed will produce 
the best results. If for butter and cheese, Ayrshire or Short-Horns.- If 
cheese alone, the ' Holstein, and for quantity of milk given this latter 
breed will certainly carry the palm. If milk and butter, without refer- 
ence to quantity, be required, the Jersey is the cow. All the breeds 
except the Jerseys will make good weights of beef and fatten readily 
when dry — the Short-Horns, Holsteins, and Avrshires making weight 
iii the order named. For milk, we have not included the Devons ; occa- 
sionally a cow will be found giving a large mess for her weight. Devons, 
however, are not dairy cows, at least, now-a-days ; having been bred most 
exclusively for their superior quality of maibled beef, and their uniform 
excellence, courage, and kindliness in the yoke. 
How to Breed. 
All farmers cannot become breeders of highly bred, pure stock. For 
this the animals must be isolated from all other breeds of the same race. 
