165 
CATTLE* HOW TO SHELTER- 
«« Tho floor Jn the wiug above the basement will run lengthwise of the 
building, and it will bo 16 feet wide, so that the posts on either side of 
the floor, running up to the cross-beam over tho floor, may stand on a 
sill running lengthwise over the basement, and eight feet from the center, 
supported by tho stanchion timbers. These two sills will be strong y 
supported the whole length by the stanchion posts, placed only 38 inches 
from center to center, and will consequently hold the whole interior 
structure above. The bays on each side of the floor will be 22 feet wide ; 
there will be no loss in so wide a floor, as the hay may be mowed one or 
two feet upon each edge of tho floor if more room is desn-ed There 
will be 42 bents, the outside posts being about 18 feet 2 inches from 
center to center. The top of the cross-beams, running from side to 
Bide of the barn, will be 13 feet above the sill, and will be spliced at the 
post, or between the posts, on either side of the floor. On three of the 
bents the cross-beams should be carried up nearly to the plates, and the 
posts at the side of the floor must also be carried up to support the 
beam. The three bents (every third one) will tie the barn toget er, 
and being so far apart, will not obstruct pitching with a borsc-fork. 
These High beams, besides being pinned to the outside posts should have 
a stirrup around the post coming back ten inches upon the beam, with a 
three-eighth inch bolt through the stirrup and the beam, turned up tight 
with a nut, and if the beams are well spliced in the middle, this will hold 
the barn firmly from spreading at the plates. Now, to prevent this long 
wing from rocking or swaying by a strong broadside wind these bents 
with the high beams should have a long stiff brace running from the foot 
of the post on the side of the floor to the outside post just under the 
hi oh beam. Such a long brace on each side will hold the barn rigid y 
from rocking. And while speaking of braces, let it be remembered that 
a brace is valuable just in proportion to its length. Tho braces from the 
outside posts up to the plates show a four-foot run. They will Assist 
oery much in sustaining any weight upon the plates. 
“It is not intended to have any purlins in these wings to support the roof, 
®ven though they be 60 feet wide. The brace on top of the beam will 
have a run on beam from post of 8 or 9 feet, running up the post just 
under the plates and fastened by a bolt. This will hold the plates abso- 
lutely rigid, and the roof will not spread them. The rafters should not 
l,c placed more than two feet apart, and the collar-beams should be 1 1-4 
by 5 inches, and placed six feet below the ridge, with every other pair ot 
rafters double collar-beamed ; that is, with a collar-beam nailed upon each 
Bide of tho rafters. This will make a strong shingle roof. The collar- 
beams will be some 20 feet long, and will bo about as good a support to 
the roof as purlin-beams. The collar-beams should be as high as tfc* 
