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ILLUSTRATED STOCK DOCTOR. 
There are few farms where the drainage is so poor or the land so level 
but that a declivity sufficient for a basement barn may be had, by throw- 
ing the excavated portion up to assist in forming the trackway or rise to 
the main floor. Windmills are now so nearly automatic in their working 
that they may very safely be trusted to pretty much take care of them- 
selves. Therefore, in all the more pretentious farm barns, they should 
be built with special reference to the erection of a windmill on top. 
This may be used for a variety of purposes, cutting fodder, grinding 
grain, pumping water, being its principal work. If the water is collected 
in a reservoir in the center of the mow it will not freeze, and the 
pressure will always be equal, and thus the water may be carried in pipes 
any distance, to the house or the daisy, and become a most valuable 
economy. 
In the building of barns of superior size we have given descriptions of 
all but the circular barn, which can hardly be called a practical or 
economical structure, and the octagon barns will como under the same 
category ; for while economical in respect to space, they are more costly 
to build, if for no other reason than that they are unusual. We there- 
fore recommend the square bam in every case when the width is to be 
forty or more feet, with not less than twenty feet posts. This, with the 
the basement, will give two or three stories as necessity may require. 
The basement of course will be used for the stables, and if additional 
room be needed one or two wings may be added, and when farther space 
is needed two more. The diagrams showing the internal arrangements 
may easily be obtained to suit such a structure whilo pursuing the general 
features of economical and labor-saving utility. 
Summer Sheltor. 
While the question of Winter shelter is of tlio first importance, it is 
necessary that Summer shelter be provided, and also for protection 
against the inclement storms of Spring after stock has been put upon 
pasture. During the feeding season the sheds and barns will suffice ; 
before pastures are flush the Winter shelter can be utilized, for some food 
must be given night and morning. During the prevalence of storms the 
stock will of course be kept up and fed. Later, however, it will not be 
found practicable. What is wanted is a range where stock may not only 
be secure from the winds of driving storms, but where they may retire 
for shelter during the extreme heat of Summer days. 
We do not believe in shaded pastures. They aro poetic but not prac- 
tical. The object in keeping stock is to make them eat as much as possi- 
ble. The pasture should be devoted to grass. If shaded by single trees 
here and there, stock will very often haunt these when they should be 
