m 
ILLUSTRATED STOCK DOCTOR. 
Man}' think that the escutcheon of the bull is of little moment, so that 
lie has a good look. So far is this from being the case, that a bull with 
a mirror like Fig. 4, or worse, will stamp his escutcheon on, and to that 
extent damage, his daughters out of cows with escutcheons as choice as 
Fig. 2. In this way the daughters of some of the best cows come very 
ordinary, w'hile, if you use a bull marked like Fig. 2, he will make a 
poor escutcheon better, and will improve the best. His injury or benefit 
will be doubled according to the escutcheon markings under the body in 
front of his scrotum. Hence the importance of the dam of a bull being 
unexceptionable in her udder and escutcheon. Her qualities inherited by 
her son will be transmitted to his daughters. 
T 
GREAT MILK MIRRORS ON HOLSTEIN COW. 
While careful as to escutcheons, we must not neglect the other essential 
reatures of a good cow — the back, skin, hide, the rich colored skin, and 
the fine bone. Let the hair be soft and thickly set, and let the skin be 
mellow. This latter quality is easily determined by grasping between the 
thumb and forefinger the skiu at the rear of the ribs, or the double thick- 
ness at the base of the flank that joins the stifle-joint to the body, or that 
on the inside of tho rump-bone at the setting on of the tail. Let the 
