218 
ILLUSTRATED STOCK DOCTOR. 
It will be seen that the cream and churning-room F is a separate enclo- 
sure within the main building, and which may be entirely enclosed from 
the main room, so that when the cream is placed it may be entirely iso- 
lated and kept so until churned and stored in the refrigerator. Those 
contemplating erecting a creamery cannot well improve upon this plan, 
one of the most modern known, except it bo in some minor details to 
suit local wants. / 
How to Build. 
Where the drainage is good the lower story may consist of a basement 
sunk three feet into the ground, of stone or brick, and it will bo better it 
the whole building be of brick. The system of drainage should he 
mapped out, and a chart made. The drains should be laid in the most 
perfect manner, and with fall enough so they will not clog. Besides the 
factory drains leading to tho waste vats, there should also be tile drains 
to carry off surface water. The foundation of the floor of the factory 
should, if possible, have a thin coating of tin shavings, or broken glass, 
say six inches thick well pounded down, and covered with water lime 
cement. Upon this a flooring of flags or bricks may be laid, covered 
with cement of water lime, which in time will become entirely hard, and 
the tin or glass below will prevent all burrowing of rats. The pipes, 
leading to and from tho cisterns, etc., should be placed before the floor 
is laid, and the mortar carefully fitted to them. The ice-houso should 
be plastered with water-lime, and a little vacancy left between the ice 
and the bottom of the house, to allow the water a small space. Tho top 
and side walls of the dairy-house should be finished with plaster, by 
which means a uniform temperature, indispensable to curing cheese, is 
more perfectly secured. 
Sub-Earth Ventilation. 
Of late years Mr. J. Wilkinson has advocated a system of sub-earth 
ventilation, simply by a six-inch tile, laid six feet deep and 300 or noro 
feet long from the building. Two of this length, — or better, one of twice 
the length, with a wing, and vane connected with the out-door end, to 
catch air and convey it to fie tile — will keep the basement well ventilated, 
and of the earth tempera/ >re of the depth at which the tile is laid. 
Care of Mills 
The first vequisit is absolute and unqualified cleanliness. We have 
already givet directions as to cleaning animals before milking. The leas! 
