CATTLE. THEIR DISEASES. 
2.37 
TABLE OF DOSES FOR DIFFERENT ANIMALS. 
Horses, etc | Cattle. | Sheep. | Swine. ( 
3 years. 
2 years. 
1 -2 years. 
15 months. 
1 part 
1 1-1—3 years. 
1-2 
9-18 months. 
8-15 ** 
1-2 part. 
9-18 mouths. 
6-12 months. 
6-9 “ 
6-8 « 
1-4 “ 
6-9 “ 
3-6 
3-6 “ 
3-6 “ 
1-8 ‘ 
1-6 “ 
1-? - 
1-3 “ 
1-3 « 
' 1-16 ‘ 
Allowance must also be made for a nervous temperament, which usually 
renders an animal m re impressible ; for habit, or continued use, which 
tends to decrease tho susceptibility for individual drug« ; for idiosyncrasy, 
which can only bo discovered by observing tho aetioy of the agent on th® 
particular subject, and for the influence of diseao® when that is likely to 
affect the action Thus, in most diseases of the brain and spinal cord, 
and in some impactions of the stomach, double the usual quantities of 
purgative medicine will be necessary : while in influenza, and other low 
fevers, half the usual doses may prove fatal. In acute c ngestion of the 
brain, stimulating narcotics (opium, belladonna, hyoscyannus) would 
aggravate the symptoms, etc. 
• 
Frequency of Administering. 
Anodynes, antispasmodics, narcotics, sedatives, and stimulants, may 
generally be repeated once in four or six hours in order to maintain their 
effect. Alteratives, diaphoretics, febrifuges, refrigerants, and tonics, 
may be administered twice daily. Purgatives should only be given when 
necessary, and should never be repeated until from the lapse of time we 
are assured that the first dose remains inoperative. Thus, unless in urgent 
need, a horse should not take a second dose of physic under thirty-six 
hours after the exhibition of the first ; and in all cases, until the medicine 
has worked off, he should be kept at rest and allowed only warm bran 
mashes and water with the chill taken off. In ruminants a second dose 
may be ventured on in twelve or sixteen hours, and in carnivora (dogs, 
etc.) and omnivora (swine, etc,) in from seven to ten hours. Emetic# 
should be given in full doses, and repeated in five or ten minutes if they 
fail to take effect, their action being further provoked by copious draughts' 
irf tepid water and tickling the roof of the mouth with a feather. 
Forms of Doses. 
Drugs may often be given as powder or solution in the food or water ; 
they may bo made into a soft solid with syrup and linseed meal, rolled 
into a short cylinder and covered with soft paper ; they may be converted 
into an infusion with warm or cold water, or into a decoction by boiling ; 
