8HEEP, BREEDING AND MANAGEMENT. 
S21 
powdered copperas on the end of the tail will stop bleeding. Occasionally 
a lamb will bleed severely. If so, tie a ligature tightly around the stump, 
to be removed in about ten hours, or a touch of red hot iron will bo 
more effective. 
Castration. 
Many perform this operation immediately before docking. It has 
always been practiced by myself and I have never found any reason to 
discontinue the plan. In any event the sooner it is done the better for 
the lamb. I have docked and gelded at three days old, and with the best 
success. An attendant holds the lamb, rump down, and with the back 
pressed against his own body; drawing the hind legs up, the body is 
pressed strong enough to cause the belly to be forced between the thighs, 
and the scrotum is thus well exposed. Seizing the scrotum the operator 
cuts away one-third of it ; tako each testicle in turn and sliding back and 
off the enveloping membrane, with a quick jerk the whole cord and 
connecting tissues snap and come away. The object in cutting away a 
part of the scrotum is that it makes a better surface in shearing. This 
pulling away of the cord may seem cruel. It is not so ; there is almost 
no bleeding, and the violence of the rupture deadens the pain. It is 
sometimes necessary to geld an old ram. The best way is to tie a waxed 
linen cord as tightly as possible about the bag, being careful that it is tied 
entirely above the testicles, and that there shall be no possibility of 
.slipping of the knot. Thus circulation is stopped and in a few days the 
strangulated part will drop away; or the operation may be performed 
precisely as in the case of the horse. We have however never used any 
other means either with bulls or rams than that indicated above, and with 
euccess. 
Weaning, 
Spring lambs should be weaned early enough in the Fall so they may 
become fully accustomed to grass and to grain before Winter sets in. If 
a corn-field has at the last cultivating been sown with rve, it will afford 
nice feed for lambs in the Fall, and in the following Spring it will bo 
found most valuable for breeding ewes. If there is stubble ground, in 
which green oats or wheat have started, it makes excellent pasture for 
lambs, since they will also pick up some grain. In any event, they should 
be learned to eat grain by having their salt sprinkled on grain in a trough 
under cover, so they may learn to eat it. So far as Winter management 
is concerned, the same rule will apply as to ether animals. Give them 
