326 
ILLUSTRATED STOCK DOCTOR. 
upper jaw. 4 — The union of the nasal and upper jaw bone. 5 — The uniou of 
the molar and lachrymal bones. 6— The orbits of the eye. 7— The frontal 
bone. 9— The lower jaw. 10— The incisor teeth or nippers. 11— The molars 
e grinders. 
The Trunk. 
!> 1— The ligament of the neck, supporting the head. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7— 
The seven vertebrae, or bones of the neck. 1 — 13 — The thirteen vertebrae, or 
bones of the back. 1 — 6— The six vertebrae of the loins. 7— The sacral bone. 
8— The bones of the tail, varying in different breeds from twelve to twenty-one. 
9 — The haunch and pelvi3. 1 — 8 — The eight true ribs with their cartilages. 
9 — 13— The five false ribs, or those that are not attached to the breast bone. 
14 — The breast bone. 
The Fore-leg. 
1— The scapula or shoulder-blade. 2— The humerus, bone of the arm , or lower 
part of the shoulder. 3 — The radius, or bone of the forearm. 4 — The ulna, or 
elbow. 5 — The knee, with its different bones. 6— The metacarpal, or shank- 
bones ; the larger bones of the leg. 7 — A rudiment of the smaller metacarpal. 
8 — One of the sessamoid bones. 9— The two first bones of the foot ; the pas- 
terns. 10 — The proper bones of the foot. 
The Hind-log 
1— The thigh bone. 2— The stifle joint and its bone, the patella. S— The 
tibia, or bone of the upper part of the leg. 4— The poiut of the hock. 5— The 
other bones of the hock. 6 — The metatarsal bone, or bone of the hind-leg. 7 
— Rudiment of the small metatarsal. 8 — A sessamoid bone. 9 — The two first 
bones of the foot, the pasterns. 10— The proper bone of the foot. 
The bones of the loins bear a strong resemblance to those in the back, 
but instead of springing from the sides, as do the ribs, they are fixed, 
bony processes, several inches in length, and their peculiar duty is to af- 
ford protection to the abdomen. They are the timbers that support th® 
roof, or covering of this part of the system. Next in position to the loin 
comes the sacrum, which is formed in young animals of separate bones, 
but at maturity is consolidated into one. At this point the passage for 
the spinal cord becomes very much diminished, and, at the end of the 
bone, terminates in several nerves, which continue their course into th® 
tail. The bones of the latter are numerous, but not perforated. Wo 
pass now to the limbs, and find that the number of joints are the same in' 
the horse, ox, and sheep, but in the latter animals, at the fetlock, these 
become divided and the four bones beneath it are thus doubled. 
