344 
ILLUSTRATED STOCK DOCTOR. 
In America, in Australia and in the Polynesian group, hogs were un- 
known until introduced. In England the wild species has long been 
extinct. In France they are nearly so, but in some parts of Germany, 
Denmark, Italy, Greece, and in Asia Minor they archil met with. In 
America swine arc said to have been introduced into Hispaniola by 
Columbus in 1493 ; into Florida by Do Soto in 1538; into Nova Scotia 
and Newfoundland in 1553, into Canada in 1G08, and into \ irgima in 
1(309. So great was the fecundiy of swine in Virginian forests, that m 
eighteen years after their introduction the inhabitants of Jamestown had 
to palisade the town to keep them out. 
Toeth of the Hog. 
The domestic hog has, when full grown, forty-four permanent teeth, 
twenty-eight of which are preceded by temporary, or milk teeth. I ho 
teeth are classified as follows : Twelve incisors or front teeth, six in the 
upper and six in the lower jaw. The incisors in each jaw are divided 
equally, three on each side of the median line, of which the fore- 
most are called the nippers ; the next outside of these, intermed.aiy 
incisors, and the remainder, outside of these arc called corner incisors. 
Next in order aro the four tusks, one on each upper and one in each 
under jaw on each side. The true grinders or molars are six in number, 
not including the so-called “wolf teeth,” four in number, but which aro 
now classed with the molars,, making really seven on a side in each jaw. 
Each of the three hindmost molars in the four rows are permanent teeth, 
or not preceded by milk teeth. The three next in front of these appear 
soon after birth, one after another, and are called milk teeth(or premolars) 
and in the course of time are shed one after another, in the order in 
which they appeared, to give place for the permanent molars. These six 
molars are counted from tho hindmost one forward. The seventh molar 
tooth, or the fourth premolar, appears later, in the space between tho 
third prcmolar and the tusk. This small, apparently supernumerary 
tooth is sometimes called a wolfs tooth, and was once considered as an 
independent tooth, not belonging to the molars. It is now classed with tna 
molars, to which it undoubtedly belongs. It is a permanent tooth, and 
is sometimes very small and imperfect, which is accounted for by tho 
near proximity of the large and strong tusk. 
The teeth of the hog may therefore be represented by tho following 
formula : Incisors, six upper sLx lower ; canines, one upper one lower on 
each side ; wolf teeth, so-called, now determined to be molars, one upper 
one lower on each side ; molars, six upper six lower on each side ; in aU 
44 teeth. 
