8 WINE, BREEDING AND MANAGEMENT. 
369 
If kept from the attacks of flies, they will not wallow in the mud but in 
the cleanest water they can find, and stagnant water they will not drink 
at all, unless forced to do so, by dire necessity. 
The sagacious breeder and feeder will understands this ; they also 
understand the danger of malignant diseases attacking their swine when 
forced to wallow and drink impure water. Hence they strive by every 
means in their power that swine are kept away from these causes of 
disease and death, and thus such would be almost entirely exempt, except 
that there are always men enough of the shiftless type in a neighborhood 
whose stock take and spread contagion to their neighbors. We da not 
know how we can illustrate more forcibly the two types of breeders than 
by the cut given of a sow of an improved breed properly kept, and of a 
sow of the “hazel splitting” variety, improperly kept. The one in a 
dry, firm pasture, with plenty of pure water, the other on a half marsh, 
•nd apparently made to succumb from miasmatic influences. 
Summary. 
Hogs, and especially pigs in confinement often suffer for want of 
water. No matter how sloppy the food they should always have pure 
water within reach. If they can have a bathing place in Summer it will 
add much to their health, and assist much in fattening. Swine, in con- 
finement, should always have charcoal, bituminous coal, salt and wood 
ashes within reach. They often suffer from acidity of the stomach and 
the remedy being near the swine will always use it. 
Oil cake mixed with the feed of swine when suckling pigs, a gill a day, 
assists the milk secretion. It should not be given to pigs. As they 
begin to eat they should have a trough where they can go and feed but 
Which the sow cannot get at. 
Bran is not valuable for swine. "Where highly concentrated food is 
given it is well to have a little dry bran in a separate trough, so the hogs 
can take it when they want it. 
If ordinary diarrhoea attacks pigs give a porridge of sweet skimmed 
milk and flour. For constipation give two or three drachms of soap 
dissolved in an ordinary sized tumbler of water, and repeat if necessary 
in eight hours, or give as an injection. It is also a good diuretic and for 
acid stomach. 
Provide a strong scratching post. Bore inch and a half holes at inter- 
vals to accommodate hogs of different sizes, and drive in pins letting 
them project an inch and a half. 
Castrate pigs before they are weaned, say not later than two weeks 
before weaning time. 
