168 
Some Minor Farm Crops. 
Receipts 1909. 
Pales, 
20 packs of best teazles at 72 s. 6d. 
14^ packs of small teazles at 40s. 
12 packs 36 staffs at 72s. 6d. 
7 packs 29 staffs at 40s. 
Total receipts . 
Total expenditure . 
Total profits 
Half profit for farmer 
Average profit per acre 
3a. Or. 25p. for six months 
6a. 2r. 8p. for one year 
9a. 2r. 33p. 
Adding the profit which should have accrued in the absence 
of the expense in unnecessary haulage (per acre) 
& 
8 . 
d. 
72 
10 
0 
29 
0 
0 
46 
15 
3 
15 
9 
0 
163 
14 
3 
163 
14 
3 
105 
3 
3 
58 
11 
0 
29 
5 
6 
2 
18 
8 
3 
2 
2 
\ 
This must be regarded as clear profit, and three acres of the 
land were only occupied by the crop for six months. But there 
is no real reason why the farmer should not undertake all the 
obligations and reap all the profit from the crop. If the farmer 
who “ grew to half ” in the above instance had taken sole 
control of the enterprise his total profit would have amounted 
to 58 l. 11s., and the rate per acre to hi. 17s. 4 d. ; or, with the 
addition of profit that was swallowed in this case by the 
normally unnecessary costs of production to about 61. 5s. It 
must be noted that although the farmer received only 
23 1. 14s. 9 d. to cover the rent and costs of ploughing of 
9a. 2r. 33p. of land, he considered his teazles the most profit- 
able crop of the year even when he received only fifty per 
cent, of the total profits. 
There is also an occasional item of receipt which does not 
appear in this account. When the teazles are taken from the 
poles and thrown in a heap they lose a large amount of seed. 
This is now sold for bird-seed at the rate of 30s. per quarter. 
The teazle is subject to several pests. During June and 
July of the first year of growth the plants are attacked by the 
“ hopper fly ” whose attacks on swedes and turnips are well- 
known. And at several stages of their growth the plants 
are often subjected to 4he attacks of the “ leather jacket,” 
the grub of the daddy-long-legs. During May and June 
of the second year mildew attacks the leaves of the plants 
if the weather is damp, and a green fly also attacks the 
plants, clustering round the joints and eating the covering 
of the stem. Then, too, if the weather should be very 
dry during the period in which the heads first appear the 
