256 The Trials of Hand-Tower Powder Sprayers. 
Suggestions to Milking Machine Makers. 
1. The teat cups should be so supported that even though 
they be kicked off or slip off the teats they will not fall to the 
floor and suck up dust, &c. Throughout the trials it was 
noticed that cups which depended solely upon suction for their 
support tended to fall off and become foul. 
2. The tubes leading from the cups to the can should be 
short ; rubber and joints should be avoided. 
3. The can should be made without internal angles, with an 
opening sufficiently large to render a view of the interior 
possible, and to make thorough cleansing easy. 
John Golding. 
P. Stenhouse Williams. 
James Mackintosh. 
THE TRIALS OF HAND-POWER MACHINES 
FOR APPLYING DRY INSECTICIDES OR 
FUNGICIDES IN POWDER FORM 
TO BUSHES OR TREES. 
The trials before the Judges of Hand-Power Powder Sprayers 
took place at Long Ashton, Bristol, on May 23, 1913. An 
orchard on the Cider Institute was lent for the purpose. The 
Judges were Mr. C. S. Martin, of Dunnington, Alcester, and 
Mr. J. M. Young, of Wisbech, with Mr. F. S. Courtney, the 
Society’s Consulting Engineer, and the trials were under the 
charge of the Steward, Mr. E. Y. Y. Wheeler, of Tenbury. 
The Judges started their work about 9.0 a.m., and after 
exhaustive trials the awards were made as follows : — 
1st Prize. — Knapsack Powder Pump, exhibited by Messrs. F. W. Moellen- 
kamp & Co., London. 
2nd Prize. — Knapsack Powder Pump, by Messrs. Pilter & Co., London. 
Reserve. — Knapsack Powder Pump, by Messrs. H. Hartjen & Co., London, 
called the “ Holder.” 
♦ 
The Knapsack Pump shown by Messrs. Moellenkamp & Co. 
is of a very useful type. It is very simple in construction ; 
all the parts are very easily disconnected and can be easily 
replaced. 
The bellows are powerful and are held in place by brass 
bands which will not rust. The valve at the top of the 
machine is fixed with screws, and can be easily replaced, and 
the lance and spreader are well made ; the latter can be bent 
