34 
Synopsis of the Birds 
reaching to three fourths the length of the tail, which is two 
and a half inches longer ; third and fourth primaries equal.* 
Adult male bluish grey ; rump, inner web of the quill 
feathers, and beneath pure white ; primaries black at the end. 
Female and young chocolate brown; rump white; be- 
neath rusty ; wings and tail on the under side, and two mid- 
dle tail feathers also above, banded with black and white ; 
lateral with blackish and rusty. 
Marsh Hawk , Falco uliginosus, Wils. Am. Orn . vi. p. 67. 
pi. 51. fig. l. young female ; and nob. Am. Orn. ii. pi. n. 
Jig. i. adult male . 
Inhabits both continents. The young only are common in 
Pennsylvania and the northern parts of this continent, whence 
they migrate in winter to the south. 
3. STRIX. 
Strix, L. Briss. Gm. Lath. 111. Cuv. Vieill. Temm . Ranz . 
Asio, Briss. Surnia , Bubo , Strix , Dumeril. 
Noctua, Scops, Bubo, Syrnium, Strix , Savigny. 
Bill very short , cleft to the eyes, compressed, much curved ; 
upper mandible rounded above, dilated on the margins, entire, 
terminating in an acute hook ; cere small, soft, concealed 
by incumbent setaceous feathers ; lower mandible notched, 
obtuse : nostrils perforated on the anterior edge of the cere, 
rounded, open, concealed by the porrect bristles : tongue 
thick, fleshy, somewhat canaliculated, papillous at base, emar- 
ginate at tip : eyes very large, directed forwards, with a nic- 
titating membrane ; orbits large, surrounded by long, slen- 
der, radiating feathers anteriorly almost covering the bill, 
and posteriorly concealing the ears : head large ; face large, 
surrounded by a collar of small rigid elevated feathers : body 
generally thick, short, and heavy. Tarsi generally short 
* By these characters, ornithologists will perceive that F. uliginosus, 
Wils. is the young of F. cyaneus, and not of F. cineraceus. 
